Genomics of Apicomplexa

Martínez-Ocampo, Fernando

doi:10.5772/intechopen.72633

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 110 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite capable of infecting a wide range of endothermic vertebrates, including humans [ 1 ]. This parasite belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa, which contains numerous parasites of medical and veterinary significance including Plasmodium , Cryptosporidium , Babesia , Neospora , and Eimeria (causative agents of malaria, cryptosporidiosis, babesiosis, neosporosis, and coccidiosis, respectively) [ 2 , 3 ]. The apicomplexan parasites have complex life cycles with more than one infective form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgG Avidity Test as a Tool for Discrimination between Recent and Distant Toxoplasma gondii Infection—Current Status of Studies

Holec-Gąsior

Sołowińska

2022

Antibodies

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Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of one of the most prevalent zoonoses worldwide. T. gondii infection is extremely important from a medical point of view, especially for pregnant women, newborns with congenital infections, and immunocompromised individuals. Thus, an accurate and proper diagnosis of this infection is essential. Among the available diagnostic tests, serology is commonly used. However, traditional serological techniques have certain limitations in evaluating the duration of T. gondii infection, which is problematic, especially for pregnant women. Avidity of T. gondii-specific IgG antibodies seems to be a significant tool for discrimination between recent and distant infections. This article describes the problem of diagnosis of T. gondii infection, with regard to IgG avidity tests. The IgG avidity test is a useful serological indicator of toxoplasmosis, which in many cases can confirm or exclude the active form of the disease. IgG antibodies produced in the recent primary T. gondii infection are of low avidity while IgG antibodies with high avidity are detected in the chronic phase of infection. Furthermore, this paper presents important topics of current research that concern the usage of parasite recombinant antigens that may improve the performance of IgG avidity tests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgG Avidity Test as a Tool for Discrimination between Recent and Distant Toxoplasma gondii Infection—Current Status of Studies

Holec-Gąsior

Sołowińska

2022

Antibodies

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“…), toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii), neosporosis (Neospora sp. ), and cryptosporidiosis (Cryptosporidium parvum) are diseases caused by apicomplexan parasites (Chakraborty et al, 2017;Martínez-Ocampo, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All those parasites present complex life cycles, infecting one or more hosts and undergoing multiple morphological and metabolic differentiation (Martínez-Ocampo, 2018;Jeninga et al, 2019). Additionally, in the life cycles of most of the apicomplexan, an alternation between asexual and sexual reproduction can be observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Transmission of Apicomplexan Parasites: A Review

et al. 2021

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Apicomplexans are a group of pathogenic protists that cause various diseases in humans and animals that cause economic losses worldwide. These unicellular eukaryotes are characterized by having a complex life cycle and the ability to evade the immune system of their host organism. Infections caused by some of these parasites affect millions of pregnant women worldwide, leading to various adverse maternal and fetal/placental effects. Unfortunately, the exact pathogenesis of congenital apicomplexan diseases is far from being understood, including the mechanisms of how they cross the placental barrier. In this review, we highlight important aspects of the diseases caused by species of Plasmodium, Babesia, Toxoplasma, and Neospora, their infection during pregnancy, emphasizing the possible role played by the placenta in the host-pathogen interaction.

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