Genotoxicity and mutagenicity research in Quilombola communities

Filho, Aroldo Vieira de Moraes; Manso, João Antonio Xavier; Martins, Wanderléia Eleutério; Marinho, Núbia Aguiar; Santos, Mônica de Oliveira; Neto, José Perim; Duarte, Sabrina Sara Moreira; Cruz, Aparecido Divino da; Silva, Cláudio Carlos da; Barbosa, Mônica Santiago; Pires, Débora de Jesus; Carneiro, Lí­lian Carla

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71195-4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In general, Quilombola communities are deprived of treated water sources, garbage collection, and sewage ( Galindo et al, 2012 ), which could expose the residents to harmful substances and mutagenic agents. A genotoxicity and mutagenicity analysis revealed evidence of genomic damage in Quilombola communities in the State of Goiás, Brazil ( de Moraes Filho et al, 2020 ). This lack of basic sanitation also promotes the transmission of several diseases and fosters precarious health conditions in these communities, which have been considered one of the most vulnerable populations in Brazil ( Tavares and Silva, 2014 ; Melo and Silva, 2015 ; Santos et al, 2020 ; Britodos et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: The Communities Of Enslaved Sub-saharan African Descendants:...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of ancestrality and admixture in Latin America and the caribbean focusing on native American and African descendant populations

Oliveira

Secolin²,

Lopes-Cendes³

2023

Front. Genet.

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Genomics can reveal essential features about the demographic evolution of a population that may not be apparent from historical elements. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of studies applying genomic epidemiological approaches to understand the genetic structure and diversity of human populations in the context of demographic history and for implementing precision medicine. These efforts have traditionally been applied predominantly to populations of European origin. More recently, initiatives in the United States and Africa are including more diverse populations, establishing new horizons for research in human populations with African and/or Native ancestries. Still, even in the most recent projects, the under-representation of genomic data from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is remarkable. In addition, because the region presents the most recent global miscegenation, genomics data from LAC may add relevant information to understand population admixture better. Admixture in LAC started during the colonial period, in the 15th century, with intense miscegenation between European settlers, mainly from Portugal and Spain, with local indigenous and sub-Saharan Africans brought through the slave trade. Since, there are descendants of formerly enslaved and Native American populations in the LAC territory; they are considered vulnerable populations because of their history and current living conditions. In this context, studying LAC Native American and African descendant populations is important for several reasons. First, studying human populations from different origins makes it possible to understand the diversity of the human genome better. Second, it also has an immediate application to these populations, such as empowering communities with the knowledge of their ancestral origins. Furthermore, because knowledge of the population genomic structure is an essential requirement for implementing genomic medicine and precision health practices, population genomics studies may ensure that these communities have access to genomic information for risk assessment, prevention, and the delivery of optimized treatment; thus, helping to reduce inequalities in the Western Hemisphere. Hoping to set the stage for future studies, we review different aspects related to genetic and genomic research in vulnerable populations from LAC countries.

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