Genotype-by-Diet Interactions for Larval Performance and Body Composition Traits in the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens

Sandrock, Christoph; Leupi, Simon; Wohlfahrt, Jens; Kaya, Cengiz; Terranova, Melissa; Blanckenhorn, Wolf U.; Windisch, W.; Kreuzer, Michael; Leiber, Florian

doi:10.3390/insects13050424

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(252 reference statements)

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“…A second example is the BSFL weight at harvest: from 63 to 156 mg fresh weight and 17 to 51 mg on a dry weigh basis, indicating a factor 2.5 to 3 for this parameter. Plausible explanations for this variation could be differences in laboratories environment, variation in plasticity responses to new diet, survival, as well as differences in the genetic background (Kaya et al, 2021;Khamis et al, 2020;Sandrock et al, 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardising black soldier fly larvae feeding experiments: an initial protocol and variability estimates

Deruytter,

Gasco,

Yakti

et al. 2023

J. Insects Food Feed

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There is a growing interest in the ability of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) to convert low-value organic residues into high-value products. This leads to more publications with conversion data for various organic resources. However, these results are rarely comparable between laboratories due to differences in study protocols. This hinders comparisons among studies, the use of results in practice, and overall advancement in BSFL conversion research. Therefore, a standardised research protocol was developed for nursing, rearing and harvesting of BSFL for feed assessment. The utility of this protocol, was assessed via an international ring test with 9 partners. One batch of Gainesville diet (wheat bran (50%), alfa-alfa (30%) and maize (20%)) was produced and distributed among the partners to avoid dietary variations. Five-day-old BSFL larvae were used for the growth trial with six replicates per partner. Average larval weight was assessed after 3 days, 7 days, and harvest (>10% prepupae). Total yield and frass were recorded, and samples were chemically analysed to allow the quantification of the conversion efficiency. The results were used to calculate the within and between partner variability of the protocol. The results indicate that for the biological parameters (average weight, yield and density) the within partner variability was 24% and the between partner variability was 60%. For the assessed chemical parameters (N, fat, ash, P, K, pH), both the within and between variability was lower (respectively 9 and 28%). The results of this study give a first indication of the variability that can be expected within and between BSFL feeding experiments for different parameters and can therefore serve as guideline when developing a new experimental designs, assess standard operating procedures and other applications. The protocol can be used as first basis for future feed experiments, improving the comparability of results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardising black soldier fly larvae feeding experiments: an initial protocol and variability estimates

Deruytter,

Gasco,

Yakti

et al. 2023

J. Insects Food Feed

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“…Another key parameter is the BSFL genotype used, since the BSF’s genetic background is known to impact BSFL performance, and perhaps the effect of specific probiotics as well [ 28 , 58 ]. The so-called Wuhan strain has been used most frequently in the studies presented in Table 1 [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 42 , 46 ].…”

Section: Set-up Of Inoculation Trials For Bsfl Rearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Probiotics during Rearing of Hermetia illucens: Potential, Caveats, and Knowledge Gaps

2023

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Given the novelty of the industrial production of the edible insects sector, research has primarily focused on the zootechnical performances of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in response to different substrates and rearing conditions as a basis to optimize yield and quality. However recently, research has started to focus more on the associated microbes in the larval digestive system and their substrates and the effect of manipulating the composition of these communities on insect performance as a form of microbiome engineering. Here we present an overview of the existing literature on the use of microorganisms during rearing of the BSFL to optimize the productivity of this insect. These studies have had variable outcomes and potential explanations for this variation are offered to inspire future research that might lead to a better success rate for microbiome engineering in BSFL.

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“…However, especially in the European Union and Switzerland, their production is only permitted when feed grade substrates are used (EU 2021/1372). Tis practice may not be sustainable, as it places BSF feed in direct competition with feed for other livestock [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Replacement of Fishmeal with Duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) in Feed for Two Carnivorous Fish Species, Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Stadtlander

Tschudi

Seitz

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Research

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Two four-week feeding trials were conducted with fingerlings of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis, 3.52 ± 0.08 g) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, 1.49 ± 0.05 g) fed with graded levels of dried (DWD) and fermented (DWF) duckweed meal (Spirodela polyrhiza). The purpose of these two trials was to evaluate DWD and DWF as replacements for fishmeal. Fishmeal protein was substituted by 12%, 24%, and 35% of duckweed protein and compared to control diets containing 40% (for perch) and 35% (for rainbow trout) fishmeal and no duckweed. The performance of the fish (growth, feed conversion, and protein and lipid utilization) and their whole-body composition were evaluated and compared with the control. While even the lowest inclusion level, regardless of its form (dried or fermented), resulted in significantly reduced performance in Eurasian perch, rainbow trout were able to utilize feed containing duckweed meal considerably well. Compared to the control, at a 12% inclusion level, rainbow trout showed an equal or comparable percent weight gain (PWG; DWD: 377%, DWF: 373%), specific growth rate (SGR; DWD: 4.37%/day, DWF: 4.33%/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR; DWD: 1.11, DWF: 1.12), and protein productive value (PPV; DWD: 21.5%, DWF: 21.2%). Increasing the inclusion levels above 12% of both DWD and DWF resulted in reduced performance in rainbow trout, with the most pronounced effects observed in the DWD35 group. All experimental diets, including control, affected the whole body composition of perch, most notably reducing the lipid content compared to initial fish. Compared to initial, control and DWD rainbow trout increased whole-body protein, lipid, and ash contents. In conclusion, for rainbow trout, fermented and dried S. polyrhiza duckweed meal appears to be a promising feed ingredient when used at a maximum inclusion level of 12%, while for Eurasian perch, it should not be considered as a feed ingredient.

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Genotype-by-Diet Interactions for Larval Performance and Body Composition Traits in the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens

Cited by 19 publications

References 139 publications

Standardising black soldier fly larvae feeding experiments: an initial protocol and variability estimates

Standardising black soldier fly larvae feeding experiments: an initial protocol and variability estimates

The Use of Probiotics during Rearing of Hermetia illucens: Potential, Caveats, and Knowledge Gaps

Partial Replacement of Fishmeal with Duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) in Feed for Two Carnivorous Fish Species, Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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