Genotype by year interaction effects on soybean morpho-productive traits and biogas production

Abstract

Biodiesel and biogas are especially important sources of renewable energy in the world and in Serbia. Biodiesel is used as transportation fuel; biogas is used for production of electricity and heat. Soybean (Glycine max L.) grain is the primary source of vegetable protein for food and feed supplements, also accounts for much of the world?s bio-oil supply. Due to the development of new technologies for processing agricultural waste into energy, the rate of increase in the use of alternative fuels is significantly increasing. The aim of this study was to determine the productivity of soybeans and the possibility of obtaining biogas from soybeans in divergent years, 2017-2019. Main effects were monitored, genotypes (G), years (Y) and genotype by years interaction effects (G x Y) and were used for evaluation of soybean genotypes in different environments. Soybean varieties were tested for mass of 1000 grain (MTG), plant height (PH), grain yields (GY) and biogas yield (BY). Stability of grain and biogas yield was determined to select best genotype. Results showed that genotype and years had a significant impact on all measured variables. In all tested years, the biggest GY and BY were at genotypes G1 (2.40-4.49 t ha-1, and 461.00-641.00 m3 ha-1, respectively) and G3 (1.97-4.30 t ha-1; i.e. 447.67-620.00 m3 ha-1). Genotype G2 had statistically significantly lower values for all tested parameters compared to other tested genotypes. Correlation analysis of some chosen traits showed different interdependence between measured variables depending on the year conditions. The results of this study pointed out that among best genotypes for production of grain and biogas were G1 and G3. From the results of this study it can be concluded that G x Y trials are important for evaluation of stability and choosing the most stable genotypes of soybean.

Buckwheat Yield Traits Response as Influenced by Row Spacing, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Management

“…The environment can have a crucial influence on plants' production in particular regions, even more so when production environments are different from optimum breeding environments [23,26,32,34]. The agro-meteorological conditions in 2010 were unfavorable for buckwheat production, which was primarily due to the poor distribution of precipitation and large temperature fluctuations during fertilization, which led to lower yields for the area [35].…”

“…Plant yield strongly depends on the soil conditions in which the root system develops. The quality of soil conditions is defined by the favorable water-air regime, mechanical composition, and supply of soil nutrients [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The soil in the experimental plot had, at depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm, a low alkaline and neutral reaction (pH in H 2 O = 7.01 and 6.50).…”

Genotype × Environment Interaction for Wheat Yield Traits Suitable for Selection in Different Seed Priming Conditions

“…The AMMI model incorporates analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal components analysis (PCA) into a single statistical model [15,34]. In the AMMI model, the ANOVA additive effects are separated from the interaction while, while additional GEI analysis can carried out by Principle Component Analysis (PCA) [31,[35][36][37][38]. The biplot graphic presentation shows both the main and interaction effects for genotypes and environments simultaneously and provides a more in depth analysis of the G×E interaction [15,38,39].…”

“…In the AMMI model, the ANOVA additive effects are separated from the interaction while, while additional GEI analysis can carried out by Principle Component Analysis (PCA) [31,[35][36][37][38]. The biplot graphic presentation shows both the main and interaction effects for genotypes and environments simultaneously and provides a more in depth analysis of the G×E interaction [15,38,39]. The IPCA1 score of a genotype in the AMMI analysis was used as an indicator of the stability of a genotype over environments [29,39,40].…”

Cereals as Energy Sources in the Function of Circular Economy

“…By aerobic fermentation, organic biomass is decomposed to carbon dioxide, while methane is obtained by anaerobic means. Methane is a fuel gas, and the goal is precisely its production and use as an energy source (Glamoclija et al 2015;Popovic et al, 2020b).…”