Geochemical assessment, mixing behavior and environmental impact of thermal waters in the Guelma geothermal system, Algeria

Bouaicha, Foued; Dib, Hénia; Bouteraa, Oualid; Manchar, Nabil; Boufaa, Kamel; Chabour, Nabil; Demdoum, Abdeslam

doi:10.1007/s11631-019-00324-2

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Hydrochemical facies is a useful tool for determining groundwater chemistry. It is used to represent the similarity and dissimilarity in the chemistry of groundwater samples based on the anions and dominant cations of all samples [37,38]. In addition, these trilinear diagrams used for tracing hydrochemical data were independently developed by [39,40].…”

Section: Groundwater Hydrochemical Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of GIS and water quality index to assess groundwater quality of krimat aquifer (Essaouira; Morocco)

et al. 2020

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The aim of this present study was to evaluate groundwater quality in the upstream part of the Essaouira basin. A detailed geochemical study of groundwater region is described, and the origin of the chemical composition of groundwater has been qualitatively evaluated, using multivariate statistical methods (PCA, HCA), and Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to determine the suitability of water for drinking. To attempt this investigation, 38 samples were analysed for various physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, TDS, Na, NO 3 , K, Ca, HCO 3 , Cl, Mg, and SO 4. The results obtained showed that the facies characterizing the study area was a combination of Ca-SO 4 and mixed Ca-Mg-Cl. Hydrochemical approach based on the bivariate diagrams of major ions indicates that the origins of groundwater mineralization are the result of (I) evaporite dissolution; (II) cation-exchange reactions; and (III) evaporation processes. The WQI values range from 82.3 to 390.9, and therefore the water samples can be categorized into five groups: excellent water to water unsuitable for drinking. In global, 61% of the groundwater sampled had poor water quality, 18% were very poor water quality, 16% are unsuitable for drinking, and just 6% represent a good quality. However, the results of this paper indicate that most water is not safe for drinking and needs further treatment.

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Section: Groundwater Hydrochemical Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of GIS and water quality index to assess groundwater quality of krimat aquifer (Essaouira; Morocco)

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, if the Na/Cl ratios were in the range of 0.87−0.99 or higher and the ratios of Br×10 3 /Cl were in the range of 0.87−0.08 or smaller, then the saline springs were generally considered to be leached halite (Tan et al, 2004). In addition, the Sr/Ca ratio is also a good proxy of salinity and has been successfully used in some geologic studies (Odum, 1951;Holmes et al, 1992;Bouaicha et al, 2019). In this study, the Sr/Ca ratios of saline springs in the QSB were greater than 0.0050.…”

Section: Elemental Evidencementioning

confidence: 70%

Origin and circulation of saline springs in the Kuqa Basin of the Tarim Basin, Northwest China

et al. 2020

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It is widely accepted that hydrogeochemistry of saline springs is extremely important to understand the water circulation and evolution of saline basins and to evaluate the potential of potassium-rich evaporites. The Kuqa Basin, located in the northern part of the Tarim Basin in Northwest China, is a saline basin regarded as the most potential potash-seeking area. However, the origin and water circulation processes of saline springs have yet to be fully characterized in this saline basin. In this study, a total of 30 saline spring samples and 11 river water samples were collected from the Qiulitage Structural Belt (QSB) of the Kuqa Basin. They were analyzed for major (K + , Ca 2+ , Na + , Mg 2+ , SO 4 2 − , Cl − and HCO 3 −) and trace (Sr 2+ and Br −) ion concentrations, stable H-O-Sr isotopes and tritium concentrations in combination with previously published hydrogeochemical and isotopic (H-O) data in the same area. It is found that the water chemical type of saline springs in the study area belonged to the Na-Cl type, and that of river water belonged to the Ca-Mg-HCO 3-SO 4 type. The total dissolved solid (TDS) of saline springs in the QSB ranged from 117.77 to 314.92 g/L, reaching the brine level. On the basis of the general chemical compositions and the characteristics of the stable H-O-Sr isotopes of saline springs, we infer that those saline springs mainly originated from precipitation following river water recharging. In addition, we found that saline springs were not formed by evapo-concentration because it is unlikely that the high chloride concentration of saline springs resulted in evapo-concentration and high salinity. Therefore, we conclude that saline spring water may have experienced intense evapo-concentration before dissolving the salty minerals or after returning to the surface. The results show that the origin of salinity was mainly dominated by dissolving salty minerals due to the river water and/or precipitation that passed through the halite-rich stratum. Moreover, there are two possible origins of saline springs in the QSB: one is the infiltration of the meteoric water (river water), which then circulates deep into the earth, wherein it dissolves salty minerals, travels along the fault and returns to the surface; another is the mixture of formation water, or the mixture of seawater or marine evaporate sources and its subsequent discharge to the surface under fault conditions. Our findings provide new insight into the possible saltwater circulation and evolution of saline basins in the Tarim Basin.

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“…Furthermore, this unsupervised grouping will distinguish water quality variables based on their similarity. Euclidean distances were used to classify parameters into initial clusters, whilst Ward's agglomeration method was used to link the resulting initial clusters [37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Clustering Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Complex Terminal Groundwater Aquifer for Different Use of Oued Souf Valley (Algeria) Using Multivariate Statistical Methods, Geostatistical Modeling, and Water Quality Index

Barkat

Bouaicha

Bouteraa

et al. 2021

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This research aims to assess the hydrogeochemical evolution of the groundwater in Oued souf valley for drinking and irrigation purposes. To achieve this, 49 groundwater samples from the complex terminal were examined and treated concurrently with multivariate statistical methods, geostatistical modeling and the WQI (water quality index). Focusing on the physico-chemical parameters, Q mode clustering analysis detected four major water groups, where the mineralization augmented from group 1 to group 4. The hydro-chemical type was the same, Ca-Mg-Cl-SO4 for all the groups. Calcite, dolomite, anhydrite, and gypsum would be the dominant reactions with the undersaturation of evaporates minerals, based on geochemical modeling, while the carbonate minerals are precipitating. Geostatistical analysis using ordinary Kriging demonstrated the exponential semi-variogram model fitted for EC (electrical conductivity), Ca2+ (calcium), Mg2+ (magnesium), K+ (potassium), HCO3− (bicarbonate), Cl− (chloride), and SO42− (sulfate). At the same time, the rational quadratic model was the best-fitted semi-variogram model for Na+ (sodium) and NO3− (nitrate). EC, SO42−, and NO3− have a strong spatial structure, while Ca2+, Na+, K+, and HCO3− have a moderate spatial structure. Moreover, there was a weak spatial structure for Mg2+ and Cl−. The WQI shows that CT (complex terminal groundwater aquifers) are not suitable for drinking and their quality for irrigation fluctuates from excellent to moderate quality.

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Geochemical assessment, mixing behavior and environmental impact of thermal waters in the Guelma geothermal system, Algeria

Cited by 30 publications

References 70 publications

The use of GIS and water quality index to assess groundwater quality of krimat aquifer (Essaouira; Morocco)

The use of GIS and water quality index to assess groundwater quality of krimat aquifer (Essaouira; Morocco)

Origin and circulation of saline springs in the Kuqa Basin of the Tarim Basin, Northwest China

Assessment of Complex Terminal Groundwater Aquifer for Different Use of Oued Souf Valley (Algeria) Using Multivariate Statistical Methods, Geostatistical Modeling, and Water Quality Index

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