Geochemical characteristics of lavas from Broken Ridge, the Naturaliste Plateau and southernmost Kerguelen Plateau: Cretaceous plateau volcanism in the southeast Indian Ocean

Mahoney, John J.; Jones, William B; Frey, Frederick A.; Salters, Vincent J. M.; Pyle, Doug; Davies, H. L.

doi:10.1016/0009-2541(94)00144-w

Cited by 198 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Although recycled continental lithosphere could be intrinsic to a mantle plume, the extreme geochemical characteristics of Site 738 basalt (Figs. F7A, F8, F9, F10) are compatible with an alternative hypothesis; that is plumederived magma assimilated continental lithosphere, probably crust, that was dispersed as fragments into the Indian Ocean asthenosphere or lithosphere as a result of Gondwana breakup (Mahoney et al, 1995;Frey et al, 2000a;see fig. 14c of Frey et al, 2002b).…”

Section: Site 1136: Southern Kerguelen Plateausupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Basalt from Site 738, the southernmost sampling location, has a tholeiitic composition, but its trace element characteristics and isotopic ratios (Sr, Nd, and Pb) (Figs. F7, F8, F9, F10) clearly reflect a component derived from continental lithosphere, probably crust (Alibert, 1991;Mahoney et al, 1995 Mahoney et al (1995) used plots of D7/4 and D8/4 vs. La/Ta (or equivalently, La/Nb) to show convincingly that SKP basalt from Site 738 contains a significant proportion of a continental component (Fig. F10).…”

Section: Site 1136: Southern Kerguelen Plateaumentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Prior to drilling at Site 1137, Mahoney et al (1995) inferred that the continental component in basalt from Site 738 was introduced into plume-derived magmas at shallow depths rather than deeply recycled crust intrinsic to the Kerguelen plume. This inference is supported by the presence of continental crust clasts in the conglomerate at Site 1137.…”

Section: Fa Frey Et Al Leg 183 Synthesis: a Large Igneous Province 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leg 183 Synthesis: Kerguelen Plateau–Broken Ridge—A Large Igneous Province

Frey¹,

Coffin²,

Wallace³

et al. 2003

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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The Kerguelen Plateau and Broken Ridge form a large igneous province (LIP) in the southern Indian Ocean. The main objectives of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 183 were to understand the origin and evolution of this LIP and the impact of its formation on the environment. Igneous basement (33 to 233 m of penetration) has been recovered from 11 drill sites on the LIP, and 7 are Leg 183 sites. Studies of the basement and sediment cores lead to the following conclusions. Although an important caveat is that we have access only to uppermost basement of a thick (~20 km) igneous crust, these results are inconsistent with massive volcanism associated with a single plume head and continental breakup. 2. The uppermost igneous basement is dominantly tholeiitic basalt. Based on the physical characteristics of the lava flows, which indicate subaerial eruption, and the occurrence of overlying terrestrially derived sediments containing wood fragments, fern remains, and terrestrial palynoflora, much of the LIP was above sea level when magmatic output was high. 3. The geochemical characteristics of basalt forming the LIP are unlike mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB). There are, however,

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Section: Site 1136: Southern Kerguelen Plateausupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Site 1136: Southern Kerguelen Plateaumentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Fa Frey Et Al Leg 183 Synthesis: a Large Igneous Province 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leg 183 Synthesis: Kerguelen Plateau–Broken Ridge—A Large Igneous Province

Frey¹,

Coffin²,

Wallace³

et al. 2003

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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“…During that time, the activity of the Kerguelen plume began within the already existing Indian Ocean and affected a region from the western margin of Australia to India. Its activity was manifested 40-50 Ma after the maximum magmatic activity related to the Karoo -Maud plume (Coffin et al, 2002;Mahoney et al, 1995). It is interesting that the activity of the Etendeka-Parana plume, which preceded and accompanied the opening of the South Atlantic, began at the west of the Karoo-Maud plume, in South America and Central Africa at about 130 Ma (Deckart et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous investigations and reconstructions of the influence of the Kerguelen plume on the lithosphere of Antarctica and India suggest that the plume head spreads in the northeastern direction (Coffin et al, 2002;Frey et al, 1996Frey et al, , 2000Kent, 1991;Mahoney et al, 1995). The possible early occurrence of the plume at 130 Ma is reconstructed from the magmatism of continental margins (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin, Distribution and Evolution of Plume Magmatism in East Antarctica

Sushchevskaya¹,

Belyatsky²,

Laiba³

2012

Updates in Volcanology - A Comprehensive Approach to Volcanological Problems

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Geochemistry and petrogenesis of early Cretaceous sub-alkaline mafic dykes from Swangkre-Rongmil, East Garo Hills, Shillong plateau, northeast India

Srivastava

Sinha

2004

J Earth Syst Sci

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Numerous early Cretaceous mafic and alkaline dykes, mostly trending in N-S direction, are emplaced in the Archaean gneissic complex of the Shillong plateau, northeastern India. These dykes are spatially associated with the N-S trending deep-seated Nongchram fault and well exposed around the Swangkre-Rongmil region. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of mafic dykes from this area are presented. These mafic dykes show very sharp contact with the host rocks and do not show any signature of assimilation with them. Petrographically these mafic dykes vary from fine-grained basalt (samples from the dyke margin) to medium-grained dolerite (samples from the middle of the dyke) having very similar chemical compositions, which may be classified as basaltic-andesite/andesite. The geochemical characteristics of these mafic dykes suggest that these are genetically related to each other and probably derived from the same parental magma. Although, the high-field strength element (+rare-earth elements) compositions disallow the possibility of any crustal involvement in the genesis of these rocks, but Nb/La, La/Ta, and Ba/Ta ratios, and similarities of geochemical characteristics of present samples with the Elan Bank basalts and Rajmahal (Group II) mafic dyke samples, suggest minor contamination by assimilation with a small amount of upper crustal material. Chemistry, particularly REE, hints at an alkaline basaltic nature of melt. Trace element modelling suggests that the melt responsible for these mafic dykes had undergone extreme differentiation (∼ 50%) before its emplacement. The basaltic-andesite nature of these rocks may be attributed to this differentiation. Chemistry of these rocks also indicates ∼ 10-15% melting of the mantle source. The mafic dyke samples of the present investigation show very close geochemical similarities with the mafic rocks derived from the Kerguelen mantle plume. Perhaps the Swangkre-Rongmil mafic dykes are also derived from the Kerguelen mantle plume.

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Geochemical characteristics of lavas from Broken Ridge, the Naturaliste Plateau and southernmost Kerguelen Plateau: Cretaceous plateau volcanism in the southeast Indian Ocean

Cited by 198 publications

References 60 publications

Leg 183 Synthesis: Kerguelen Plateau–Broken Ridge—A Large Igneous Province

Leg 183 Synthesis: Kerguelen Plateau–Broken Ridge—A Large Igneous Province

Origin, Distribution and Evolution of Plume Magmatism in East Antarctica

Geochemistry and petrogenesis of early Cretaceous sub-alkaline mafic dykes from Swangkre-Rongmil, East Garo Hills, Shillong plateau, northeast India

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