Geochemical factors controlling the occurrence of high-fluoride groundwater in the western region of the Ordos basin, northwestern China

Su, He; Wang, Jiading; Liu, Jingtao

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.046

Cited by 78 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…PCs interpret the direction of the maximum variance under the constraint of orthogonality. PCA can analyze a large number of samples characterized by multiple variables simultaneously, so it is often used to extract variables in hydrological studies [42]. Variable extraction is done by compressing multi-dimensional variables into a low-dimensional form of new unrelated variables, explaining the largest variance of all original variables [43].…”

Section: Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Detection and Attribution of Groundwater Level Variations in the Amu Darya Delta

Pan

Wang

et al. 2020

Water

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In the past few decades, the shrinkage of the Aral Sea is one of the biggest ecological catastrophes caused by human activity. To quantify the joint impact of both human activities and climate change on groundwater, the spatiotemporal groundwater dynamic characteristics in the Amu Darya Delta of the Aral Sea from 1999 to 2017 were analyzed, using the groundwater level, climate conditions, remote sensing data, and irrigation information. Statistics analysis was adopted to analyze the trend of groundwater variation, including intensity, periodicity, spatial structure, while the Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to quantify the impact of climate change and human activities on the variabilities of the groundwater level. Results reveal that the local groundwater dynamic has varied considerably. From 1999 to 2002, the groundwater level dropped from −189 cm to −350 cm. Until 2017, the groundwater level rose back to −211 cm with fluctuation. Seasonally, the fluctuation period of groundwater level and irrigation water was similar, both were about 18 months. Spatially, the groundwater level kept stable within the irrigation area and bare land but fluctuated drastically around the irrigation area. The Pearson correlation analysis reveals that the dynamic of the groundwater level is closely related to irrigation activity within the irrigation area (Nukus: −0.583), while for the place adjacent to the Aral Sea, the groundwater level is closely related to the Large Aral Sea water level (Muynak: 0.355). The results of PCA showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three components exceeds 85%. The study reveals that human activities have a great impact on groundwater, effective management, and the development of water resources in arid areas is an essential prerequisite for ecological protection.

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Section: Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Detection and Attribution of Groundwater Level Variations in the Amu Darya Delta

Pan

Wang

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Tritium and 14 C are frequently used to constrain the relative age of groundwater up to ~ 60 years in the case of 3 H and ~ 40.000 years (ka) old in the case of 14 C [20,21,34,35]. Principal component analysis (PCA) is useful tool for distinguishing different groundwater bodies, for example in cases of assessing natural versus anthropogenic contamination in groundwater [36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of geochemical processes on groundwater in the Velenje coal basin, Slovenia: insights from mineralogy, trace elements and isotopes signatures

et al. 2019

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This study investigated the mineralogical and isotopic composition of groundwater and precipitation to identify and constrain geochemical processes within stacked Pliocene and Triassic aquifers in the Velenje coal basin. Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis revealed that suspended matter in the Pliocene aquifer consists of feldspars and quartz, while dolomite, calcite and feldspars are present in the aquifer dewatering Triassic strata. The concentrations of trace elements in Triassic and Pliocene aquifers range from highest to lowest Zn > Fe > Ni > Al > Ba > Mn > B>Li > Mo > As with the majority of trace element concentrations below international drinking water health guidelines. Multivariate principal component analysis indicated that concentrations of Mn, Ba, Eu, Cs, Y, Li and T, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen in samples were the best chemical parameter for distinguishing the two aquifers. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) was found between Ni, Mn, Co, Zn, As and Mo. Groundwater in the Pliocene aquifer likely has an external source of carbon based on the δ 13 C CO2 values (− 12.3 to − 3.6‰). The groundwater also has detectable levels of dissolved methane with isotopic values (− 77.7 to − 51.4‰ δ 13 C CH4 ; − 247 to − 162‰ δ 2 H CH4) consistent with microbial methanogenesis. The groundwater in the Triassic aquifer has tritium values (up to 4.1 TU 3 H) characteristic of modern recharge (< 50 years), while the lack of detectable 3 H (0 TU) in the Pliocene aquifer is consistent with longer residence times.

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“…As such, investigations of water quality are important, especially considering recent anthropogenic-induced environmental change. However, previous studies on water chemistry in the Loess Plateau have been predominantly based on single sampling or limited river cross section sampling [4,18]. Without sufficient data, it is difficult to characterize temporal and spatial changes in hydrochemical characteristics at the catchment scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical Characteristics, Controlling Factors, and Solute Sources of Streamflow and Groundwater in the Hei River Catchment, China

Kou

Zhou

Hua

et al. 2019

Water

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Water scarcity in arid regions is exacerbated by water quality degradation from anthropogenic contamination. In water-scarce regions, it is crucial to identify hydrochemical characteristics and pollution sources for effective water resource management. In this study, the Hei River—located in the Loess Plateau of China, which is an arid region with substantial anthropogenic-induced environmental changes—was selected as the study area to investigate these issues. The major ions of 242 streamflow and groundwater samples were measured during the 2014 and 2015 dry and flood seasons. Using a Piper diagram, a fuzzy membership function, a Gibbs diagram, and a forward model, the hydrochemical facies and water quality of streamflow and groundwater were investigated, and the main river solute sources and relative contributions were determined using quantitative and qualitative methods. The total dissolved solids were 279.6 ± 127.8 mg·L−1 for streamflow and 354.0 ± 157.4 mg·L−1 for groundwater, indicating low salinity water. However, the hydrochemical characteristics varied with season and location. Qualitatively, the atmospheric inputs, human activities, and rock weathering all contributed solutes to the waters but with varying contributions. The following are the mean contributions of analyzed solute source: silicate weathering (45.1 ± 1.1%) > carbonate weathering (34.1 ± 1.6%) > evaporite dissolution (13.7 ± 2.4%) > atmospheric input (5.4 ± 0.1%) > anthropogenic input (1.7 ± 0.1%). In general, water quality was satisfactory, as the majority of samples conformed to drinking water standards. The samples had good water quality because the river solutes were not heavily affected by anthropogenic activities and were primarily controlled by rock weathering. However, localized areas of high anthropogenic impact were identified. Such locations should be prioritized for pollution control and water resource management.

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Geochemical factors controlling the occurrence of high-fluoride groundwater in the western region of the Ordos basin, northwestern China

Cited by 78 publications

References 55 publications

Quantitative Detection and Attribution of Groundwater Level Variations in the Amu Darya Delta

Quantitative Detection and Attribution of Groundwater Level Variations in the Amu Darya Delta

The effect of geochemical processes on groundwater in the Velenje coal basin, Slovenia: insights from mineralogy, trace elements and isotopes signatures

Hydrochemical Characteristics, Controlling Factors, and Solute Sources of Streamflow and Groundwater in the Hei River Catchment, China

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