Geochemical zoning, mingling, eruptive dynamics and depositional processes — the Campanian Ignimbrite, Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy

Civetta, L.; Orsi, G.; Pappalardo, Lucia; Fisher, Richard V.; Heiken, Grant; Ort, Michael H.

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(96)00027-3

Cited by 250 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Exogenous output flux estimates .Q2 out / at Stromboli are mainly based upon volumetric calculations [8] of the material partially filling the Sciara del Fuoco scar, and amount to 0.3-1 km 3 . The onset of the present-day Strombolian activity began ¾2000 years B.P.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…920 m a.s.l.) and has a volume of ¾300 km 3 . It is one of the most famous volcanoes in the world due to its 'continuous' and moderately explosive 'Strombolian' activity over at least the last 2000 years [11,12].…”

Section: Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the magma chamber dynamics of active volcanoes has fundamental implications for models of magma differentiation, and provides the basis for volcanic hazard assessment [1][2][3]. In particular, monitoring the temporal variation of geochem-ical tracers in active volcanoes can be a robust tool to unravel the dynamics of magma chambers [4] and could represent a valuable aid for forecasting major volcanic eruptions [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Francalanci

Tommasini

Conticelli

et al. 1999

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

108

109

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Stromboli is the type locality of continuous and moderately explosive volcanic activity. Monitoring temporal variations in the composition of the material erupted allows constraints to be made on the magma chamber dynamics and volcanic hazard. Here we present an Sr isotope survey of scoriae and lavas erupted from Stromboli volcano during this century. The material erupted is transitional between shoshonite and High-K basalt, with relatively constant major and trace element composition. This implies no substantial physical separation of minerals during crystallization (ca. 50 vol% minerals in both lavas and scoriae) and hence a relatively homogeneous reservoir. 87 Sr= 86 Sr values are constant from 1900 to ca. 1980, then, beginning prior to the major lava flow eruption of December 1985, there is a smooth decrease. The Sr isotope decrease records the arrival of a new feeding magma, and allows estimation of the magma residence time and the volume of the reservoir beneath Stromboli volcano. Our results, along with a critical assessment of magma flux estimates, are best reconciled with steady state conditions, and establish the existence of a relatively small, ¾0.3 to 0.04 km 3 , reservoir with a magma residence time .− / of ca. 19 years. Monitoring the temporal variation of isotopic ratios in active volcanoes appears a successful tool in forecasting some major volcanic eruptions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Francalanci

Tommasini

Conticelli

et al. 1999

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

108

109

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“…For compositionally homogenous magmas such as those extruded at the Campi Flegrei caldera (trachytes and phonolites being by far the most abundant rocks), major oxide and trace element variations cannot be used to unequivocally establish which magma evolution processes operated. Thus, together with petrographic, mineral chemistry and chemical data, isotopic investigations on volcanic rocks spanning the history of the volcano have been performed in recent decades in order to define the role of variable magmatic processes in the evolution of its feeding system up to eruption (e.g., Civetta et al 1997;D'Antonio et al 1999D'Antonio et al , 2013de Vita et al 1999;Pappalardo et al 2002;Fedele et al 2008Fedele et al , 2009Tonarini et al 2004Tonarini et al , 2009Arienzo et al 2010Perugini et al 2010;Melluso et al 2012;Arienzo et al 2015).…”

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magma Mixing: History and Dynamics of an Eruption Trigger

Morgavi

Arienzo

Montagna

et al. 2017

Advances in Volcanology

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The most violent and catastrophic volcanic eruptions on Earth have been triggered by the refilling of a felsic volcanic magma chamber by a hotter more mafic magma. Examples include Vesuvius 79 AD, Krakatau 1883, Pinatubo 1991, and Eyjafjallajökull 2010. Since the first hypothesis, plenty of evidence of magma mixing processes, in all tectonic environments, has accumulated in the literature allowing this natural process to be defined as fundamental petrological processes playing a role in triggering volcanic eruptions, and in the generation of the compositional variability of igneous rocks. Combined with petrographic, mineral chemistry and geochemical investigations, isotopic analyses on volcanic rocks have revealed compositional variations at different length scales pointing to a complex interplay of fractional crystallization, mixing/mingling and crustal contamination during the evolution of several magmatic feeding systems. But to fully understand the dynamics of mixing and mingling

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“…The main structural element is represented by a wide caldera (the Phlegrean caldera- Fig. 3), individuated after the volcano-tectonic collapse following the emplacement of the Campanian Ignimbrite, a large pyroclastic flow, which covered the whole plain about 35 ka (Barberi et al 1978;Rosi et al 1996Rosi et al , 1999Civetta et al 1997;Pappalardo et al 1999;Signorelli et al 2001;Fedele et al 2002Fedele et al , 2008Rolandi et al 2003;Marianelli et al 2006;Pyle et al 2006). Within the Phlegrean caldera and along its margins, the volcanic activity continued into historical times.…”

Section: Geo-volcanologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

New seismo-stratigraphic and marine magnetic data of the Gulf of Pozzuoli (Naples Bay, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): inferences for the tectonic and magmatic events of the Phlegrean Fields volcanic complex (Campania)

2012

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A detailed reconstruction of the stratigraphic and tectonic setting of the Gulf of Pozzuoli (Naples Bay) is provided on the basis of newly acquired single channel seismic profiles coupled with already recorded marine magnetics gathering the volcanic nature of some seismic units. Inferences for the tectonic and magmatic setting of the Phlegrean Fields volcanic complex, a volcanic district surrounding the western part of the Gulf of Naples, where volcanism has been active since at least 50 ka, are also discussed. The Gulf of Pozzuoli represents the submerged border of the Phlegrean caldera, resulting from the volcano-tectonic collapse induced from the pyroclastic flow deposits of the Campanian Ignimbrite (35 ka). Several morpho-depositional units have been identified, i.e., the inner continental shelf, the central basin, the submerged volcanic banks and the outer continental shelf. The stratigraphic relationships between the Quaternary volcanic units related to the offshore caldera border and the overlying deposits of the Late Quaternary depositional sequence in the Gulf of Pozzuoli have been highlighted. Fourteen main seismic units, both volcanic and sedimentary, tectonically controlled due to contemporaneous folding and normal faulting have been revealed by geological interpretation. Volcanic dykes, characterized by acoustically transparent sub-vertical bodies, locally bounded by normal faults, testify to the magma uprising in correspondence with extensional structures. A large field of tuff cones interlayered with marine deposits off the island of Nisida, on the western rim of the gulf, is related to the emplacement of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff deposits. A thick volcanic unit, exposed over a large area off the Capo Miseno volcanic edifice is connected with the Bacoli-Isola Pennata-Capo Miseno yellow tuffs, cropping out in the northern Phlegrean Fields.

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Geochemical zoning, mingling, eruptive dynamics and depositional processes — the Campanian Ignimbrite, Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy

Cited by 250 publications

References 56 publications

Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Magma Mixing: History and Dynamics of an Eruption Trigger

New seismo-stratigraphic and marine magnetic data of the Gulf of Pozzuoli (Naples Bay, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): inferences for the tectonic and magmatic events of the Phlegrean Fields volcanic complex (Campania)

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