Geochemistry of the suspended sediment in the estuaries of the Mandovi and Zuari rivers, central west coast of India

Kessarkar, Pratima M.; Shynu, R.; Rao, V. Purnachandra; Feng, Ching Mei; Narvekar, Tanuja; Zhang, Jing

doi:10.1007/s10661-012-2883-7

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…These compare to more negative values of −27.2 to −30.6 ‰ found in suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) from upriver sites on the Zuari and Mandovi rivers (Table 1). These values in turn are in line with previous studies which showed SPOM δ 13 C org values ranging from ∼ −21 towards the mouths to ∼ −32 ‰ towards the upstream ends of the estuaries, with values varying with season/discharge and tidal stage (Maya et al, 2011;Khodse and Bhosle, 2012;Kessarkar et al, 2003). Like these SPOM data, the results of the present study therefore indicate mixed OM inputs to sediments across the Zuari and Mandovi estuaries, with varying proportions of marine and terrigenous OM.…”

Section: Organic Matter Sourcessupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparative organic geochemistry of Indian margin (Arabian Sea) sediments: estuary to continental slope

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Surface sediments from sites across the Indian margin of the Arabian Sea were analysed for their elemental and stable isotopic organic carbon (C org ) and total nitrogen compositions, grain size distributions and biochemical indices of organic matter (OM) source and/or degradation state. Site locations ranged from the estuaries of the Mandovi and Zuari rivers to depths of ∼ 2000 m on the continental slope, thus spanning nearshore muds and sands on the shelf and both the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) on the upper slope (∼ 200-1300 m) and the seasonal hypoxic zone that appears on the shelf. Source indices showed mixed marine and terrigenous OM within the estuaries, but consistent predominance (80-100 %) of marine OM on the shelf and slope. Thus, riverine terrigenous OM is diluted or replaced by autochthonous marine OM and/or is efficiently re-mineralised, within or immediately offshore of the estuaries. Organic C contents of surface shelf sediments varied from < 0.5 wt % in relict shelf sands to up to ∼ 4 wt % for nearshore muds, while upper slope sites within the OMZ showed a wide range (∼ 2 to 7 + wt %), progressively decreasing below the OMZ to ≤ 1 wt % at 2000 m. Thus, major variability (∼ 5 wt %) was found at slope sites within the OMZ of similar depth and near-identical bottom-water O 2 concentrations. A strong relationship between %C org and sediment grain size was seen for sediments within the OMZ, but lower relative C org contents were found for sites on the shelf and below the OMZ. Further, C org loadings, when related to estimated sediment surface area, indicated distinct enrichment of C org in the OMZ sediments relative to sites above and below the OMZ and to sediments from normoxic margins. Diagenetic indices confirmed that lower C org content below the OMZ is associated with more extensive OM degradation, but that shelf sediment OM is not consistently more degraded than that found within the OMZ. Together, the results indicate that OM distribution across the margin is controlled by interplay between hydrodynamic processes and varying preservation associated with O 2 availability. This inference is supported by multiple regression analysis. Hydrodynamic processes (expressed as %Silt) followed by O 2 availability, can explain the large majority of %C org variability when the shelf and slope are considered as a whole. However, while O 2 becomes the primary influence on %C org for sediments below the OMZ, %Silt is the primary influence across the OMZ and, apparently, the shelf. Thus, reduced O 2 exposure is responsible for OM enrichment within the OMZ, but hydrodynamic processes are the overriding control on sediment OM distributions across both the shelf and the OMZ.

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Section: Organic Matter Sourcessupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparative organic geochemistry of Indian margin (Arabian Sea) sediments: estuary to continental slope

et al. 2014

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“…42 Goethite, gibbsite, and kaolinite are typically found in tropical environments due to the intense chemical weathering caused by rain, drainage and topography. 11 These factors favour the hydrolysis process and the leaching of several ions, such as Na, K, Ca, Mg and Sr, which are easily exported to the topographically lower regions and release smaller ions, such as Al, Ti, Si and Fe, that favour the formation of clay minerals. The presence of goethite in association with kaolinite is also influenced by laterite weathering of the Barreiras Formation, which is abundant in the SEPAPM region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…89 In this case, the use of natural and soluble phosphates may contribute to the introduction of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn; 90 nitrogen fertilisers and limestone contribute approximately 1% Cu and Pb, and pesticides affect the contents of As, Cu and Zn. 91 The comparison between the concentrations of the analysed chemical species indicates that the SEPAPM has similar or lower concentrations than other estuarine regions, [6][7][8][9][10][11] which suggests that the natural influences are generally more significant than the anthropic contributions. The interactions between chemical species and salinity, OM, pH and oxides are also important, as has been observed in other estuarine environments.…”

Section: Metals and Arsenic Associated With Spmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11] However, few studies have been conducted in estuaries located in small and medium river basins in tropical regions, especially in those where human impacts are not yet evident. Understanding the geochemistry of SPM and the processes that influence it in estuarine systems has become a challenge when considering conditioning parameters such as rainfall, river discharge, the concentrations of major and trace elements and the physicochemical variables that may modify the geochemical behaviour of the SPM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoquímica do material particulado em suspensão em um sistema estuarino tropical, sudeste do Brasil

Monteiro¹,

Sá²,

Neto³

2017

Quim. Nova

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The aim of this study is to assess the variation of the geochemistry of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the tropical estuarine system composed of the adjacent Piraquê-Açu and Piraquê-Mirim (ES) rivers using SPM sampled with sediment traps (45 µm mesh) installed in the drainage channels. We collected SPM during different tidal stages and seasonal periods and analysed the metals using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry according to EPA 3051A, the mineralogy using X-ray diffraction, the particle size using laser ray diffraction, and organic matter (OM) using calcination. The traps collected enough SPM to perform analyses for each sampling period. The SPM consists of silt size particles, and the percentage of OM is between 20 and 40%. The particles are dominated by kaolinite and quartz, and gibbsite, haematite, goethite, and pyrite are also present. These materials are found in the Barreiras Formation, through which the drainage system cuts. The metal concentrations were higher in the summer: Al (3208.32 g kg ). The Piraquê-Açu River had higher metal concentrations than the Piraquê-Mirim River, and the geochemical indices of both rivers indicate that they naturally contribute to the estuarine system of the Piraquê-Açu and Piraquê-Mirim rivers (SEPAPM). However, anthropic interferences influence these indices at the confluence of the two channels.Keywords: sediment trap; metals; mineralogy; Piraquê-Açu. INTRODUCTIONEstuaries are transitional environments that act as biogeochemical filters that retain dissolved and particulate material, including pollutants.1-4 Because they are largely influenced by hydrodynamic processes (waves, currents, and tides), estuaries distribute these elements and determine whether the system is a retainer or an exporter.5 Several studies have addressed the chemical composition and transport of suspended particulate matter (SPM; ≥ 0.45 µm) from estuarine regions to the adjacent coastal zones, mainly to quantify the continental contribution to the oceans. [6][7][8][9][10][11] However, few studies have been conducted in estuaries located in small and medium river basins in tropical regions, especially in those where human impacts are not yet evident. Understanding the geochemistry of SPM and the processes that influence it in estuarine systems has become a challenge when considering conditioning parameters such as rainfall, river discharge, the concentrations of major and trace elements and the physicochemical variables that may modify the geochemical behaviour of the SPM.To address these issues, the estuarine system of the Piraquê-Açu and Piraquê-Mirim rivers (SEPAPM) was studied to 1) evaluate if the geochemistry of the SPM of these two adjacent fluvial channels with different drainages varies 12,13 and 2) test if a sediment trap can be used to collect SPM considering the difficulty of sampling SPM with conventional methods, which require filtering many litres of water to acquire sufficient material for the geochemical analysis. Study areaThe SEPAPM is located in the municipa...

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“…Distribution and characteristics of metal concentrations and consequently the sediment quality of the Subarnarekha river indicated inputs from anthropogenic activity as well as geogenic sources. Kessarkar et al (2013) studied the geochemistry of the suspended sediment to identify the sources of SPM and to understand the physicochemical processes in the Mandovi and Zuari river estuaries. They found that canal stations exhibited the highest concentrations of major and trace metals.…”

Section: Environmental Sediment Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Contributions in the Field of Sediment Geochemistry

Azam

Tripathi

2016

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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Sediment geochemistry is a powerful tool to investigate earth surface processes because sediments record geochemical signatures of their provenance, generation, transport, deposition, and environmental conditions. A significant advancement in the technology of analytical geochemistry has made geochemical analyses of sediments more rapid and precise, which together provided an impetus to the study of sediment system. As a result, high-quality research papers on sediment geochemistry have been published during the last five years from India. A foreseeable growth of research and an increase in the publication are likely in the future because of the new set-ups of state-of the-art analytical instruments for geochemical research at various research and academic institutions in India. Here we are presenting the published important work on sediment geochemistry under three categories, i.e., weathering, erosion, deposition and provenance determination; sediment geochemistry as palaeoclimate proxy; and environmental geochemistry.

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Geochemistry of the suspended sediment in the estuaries of the Mandovi and Zuari rivers, central west coast of India

Cited by 38 publications

References 58 publications

Comparative organic geochemistry of Indian margin (Arabian Sea) sediments: estuary to continental slope

Comparative organic geochemistry of Indian margin (Arabian Sea) sediments: estuary to continental slope

Geoquímica do material particulado em suspensão em um sistema estuarino tropical, sudeste do Brasil

Recent Contributions in the Field of Sediment Geochemistry

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