Geodynamic processes inferred from Moho and Curie depths in Central and Southern African Archean Cratons

Akinrinade, Opeyemi Joshua; Li, Chun‐Feng; Afelumo, Ademolawa John

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2021.228993

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 204 publications

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“…Precise and high-resolution Moho depth models are important in many geological and geophysical disciplines. We could mention here, for instance, applications in geodynamic modelling, seismic tomography, seismic hazard assessments, or understanding earthquake source mechanisms [3,4]. A determination of the Moho depth variations under different geological units also contributes to a better understanding of tectonic and geological processes that control their formation and evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Resolution Global Moho Model from Combining Gravimetric and Seismic Data by Using Spectral Combination Methods

et al. 2023

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The high-resolution Moho depth model is required in various geophysical studies. However, the available models’ resolutions could be improved for this purpose. Large parts of the world still need to be sufficiently covered by seismic data, but existing global Moho models do not fit the present-day requirements for accuracy and resolution. The isostatic models can relatively reproduce a Moho geometry in regions where the crustal structure is in an isostatic equilibrium, but large segments of the tectonic plates are not isostatically compensated, especially along active convergent and divergent tectonic margins. Isostatic models require a relatively good knowledge of the crustal density to correct observed gravity data. To overcome the lack of seismic data and non-uniqueness of gravity inversion, seismic and gravity data should be combined to estimate Moho geometry more accurately. In this study, we investigate the performance of two techniques for combining long- and short-wavelength Moho geometry from seismic and gravity data. Our results demonstrate that both Butterworth and spectral combination techniques can be used to model the Moho geometry. The results show the RMS of Moho depth differences between our model and the reference models are between 1.7 and 4.7 km for the Butterworth filter and between 0.4 and 4.1 km for the spectral combination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Resolution Global Moho Model from Combining Gravimetric and Seismic Data by Using Spectral Combination Methods

et al. 2023

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Mineral Reconnaissance Through Scientific Consensus: First National Prospectivity Maps for PGE–Ni–Cu–Cr and Witwatersrand-type Au Deposits in South Africa

Nwaila,

Zhang,

Bourdeau

et al. 2024

Nat Resour Res

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We present here the first experimental science (consensus)-based mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM) method and its validation results in the form of national prospectivity maps and datasets for PGE–Ni–Cu–Cr and Witwatersrand-type Au deposits in South Africa. The research objectives were: (1) to develop the method toward applicative uses; (2) to the extent possible, validate the effectiveness of the method; and (3) to provide national MPM products. The MPM method was validated by targeting mega-deposits within the world’s largest and best exploited geological systems and mining districts—the Bushveld Complex and the Witwatersrand Basin. Their incomparable knowledge and mega-deposit status make them the most useful for validating MPM methods, serving as “certified reference targets”. Our MPM method is built using scientific consensus via deep ensemble construction, using workflow experimentation that propagates uncertainty of subjective workflow choices by mimicking the outcome of an ensemble of data scientists. The consensus models are a data-driven equivalent to expert aggregation, increasing confidence in our MPM products. By capturing workflow-induced uncertainty, the study produced MPM products that not only highlight potential exploration targets but also offer a spatial consensus level for each, de-risking downstream exploration. Our MPM results agree qualitatively with exploration and geological knowledge. In particular, our method identified areas of high prospectivity in known exploration regions and geologically and geospatially corresponding to the known extents of both mineral systems. The convergence rate of the ensemble demonstrated a high level of statistical durability of our MPM products, suggesting that they can guide exploration at a national scale until significant new data emerge. Potential new exploration targets for PGE–Ni–Cu–Cr are located northwest of the Bushveld Complex; for Au, promising areas are west of the Witwatersrand Basin. The broader implications of this work for the mineral industry are profound. As exploration becomes more data-driven, the question of trust in MPM products must be addressed; it can be done using the proposed scientific method. Graphical Abstract

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The Curie depths of the United Arab Emirates: Implications for regional thermal structures and tectonic terranes

et al. 2023

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Geodynamic processes inferred from Moho and Curie depths in Central and Southern African Archean Cratons

Cited by 4 publications

References 204 publications

A High-Resolution Global Moho Model from Combining Gravimetric and Seismic Data by Using Spectral Combination Methods

A High-Resolution Global Moho Model from Combining Gravimetric and Seismic Data by Using Spectral Combination Methods

Mineral Reconnaissance Through Scientific Consensus: First National Prospectivity Maps for PGE–Ni–Cu–Cr and Witwatersrand-type Au Deposits in South Africa

The Curie depths of the United Arab Emirates: Implications for regional thermal structures and tectonic terranes

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