Geographic variation in the response to drought in nine grassland species

Weißhuhn, Karoline; Auge, Harald; Prati, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2010.11.005

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…v www.esajournals.org for different species are not unique (Bischoff et al 2006, Leimu and Fischer 2008, Hereford 2009, Weißhuhn et al 2011, suggesting that the assumption of local advantage is not well supported by empirical data. One potential reason is that local environments can experience high variability in environmental conditions, which may alter the advantages of different ecotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Phenotypes and genotypes of plant species vary across spatial and environmental gradients (Gustafson et al 2004, Moncada et al 2007, Weißhuhn et al 2011). Such differences sometimes form the basis for recommending the use of locally sourced plant material when establishing, or restoring, native plant communities (Hamilton 2001, Miller et al 2011, as do concerns regarding the loss of local genetic diversity with the introduction of new genotypes (Wilkinson 2001, Hufford andMazer 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed source has variable effects on species, communities, and ecosystem properties in grassland restorations

Carter

Blair

2013

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Research to date regarding the relative advantages of local versus non-local sources of plant material for restoration has produced equivocal results. This research has typically focused on the performance of individual species at individual locations and without addressing higher order community and ecosystem properties. We investigated the effects of seed source (local, non-local, and mixed-source treatments) on species, community, and ecosystem properties under a range of environmental conditions using reciprocal common gardens at locations in three states (Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma). In order to mimic the restoration of grassland vegetation under realistic conditions where multiple species interact with one another during establishment, we seeded twelve species together between December, 2009 and January, 2010, and assessed responses in 2010, 2011. Both common garden location and seed source affected the establishment of individual species (measured as species-specific biomass), but responses were not consistent among species. No seed source had a consistent advantage across all sites or across all species. In a few cases, the local source was most productive for a particular species at one location, but no species showed a consistent local advantage across locations or years. Rather, in two out of three species that exhibited a local advantage at one location, the same source was also the most productive at a non-local site. Community structure and species richness differed among locations in all years, but source did not significantly affect seeded species richness, and source only affected community structure in 2011. Despite source effects on individual species and community structure, seed source had no significant effects on the combined productivity of seeded species. These results do not support the targeted use of local sources when the establishment of sown species and primary productivity are restoration objectives. Using mixed-source species mixtures may increase chances of restoration success, given the idiosyncrasy of individual species' responses among locations and potential site-specific environmental changes likely to occur in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed source has variable effects on species, communities, and ecosystem properties in grassland restorations

Carter

Blair

2013

Ecosphere

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“…In particular, greater ecological diversity means higher resistance to drought because of the complementary use of available water and other resources when compared to communities with low ecological diversity [146]. Accordingly, at the species level, the individual may not respond to drought, but the ecosystem significantly responds [147]. Because of high diversity, the ecosystem exhibits greater stability and ensures species persistence and ecosystem functions [71,148].…”

Section: Grassland Ecosystem Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and Carbon Cycling of Grassland Ecosystems under Global Change: A Review

Lei

Pang

Xing-yong

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:In recent years, the increased intensity and duration of droughts have dramatically altered the structure and function of grassland ecosystems, which have been forced to adapt to this change in climate. Combinations of global change drivers such as elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration, warming, nitrogen (N) deposition, grazing, and land-use change have influenced the impact that droughts have on grassland C cycling. This influence, to some extent, can modify the relationship between droughts and grassland carbon (C) cycling in the multi-factor world. Unfortunately, prior reviews have been primarily anecdotal from the 1930s to the 2010s. We investigated the current state of the study on the interactive impacts of multiple factors under drought scenarios in grassland C cycling and provided scientific advice for dealing with droughts and managing grassland C cycling in a multi-factor world. Currently, adequate information is not available on the interaction between droughts and global change drivers, which would advance our understanding of grassland C cycling responses. It was determined that future experiments and models should specifically test how droughts regulate grassland C cycling under global changes. Previous multi-factor experiments of current and future global change conditions have studied various drought scenarios poorly, including changes in precipitation frequency and amplitude, timing, and interactions with other global change drivers. Multi-factor experiments have contributed to quantifying these potential changes and have provided important information on how water affects ecosystem processes under global change. There is an urgent need to establish a systematic framework that can assess ecosystem dynamic responses to droughts under current and future global change and human activity, with a focus on the combined effects of droughts, global change drivers, and the corresponding hierarchical responses of an ecosystem.

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“…Intraspecific variability in response to climate changes was investigated for many species individually (e.g. Buckland et al 1997;Hudson, Henry & Cornwell 2011;Weißhuhn, Auge & Prati 2011;West et al 2012), but the contribution of intraspecific variability in changes in community mean traits has been largely overlooked. However, recent studies have started to shed some light on the importance of intraspecific variability for community functional responses to environmental changes (Jung et al 2010;Albert et al 2012;Andersen et al 2012;Violle et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific trait variability mediates the response of subalpine grassland communities to extreme drought events

et al. 2013

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Summary1. Climate change is expected to increase the magnitude and the frequency of extreme climatic events such as droughts. Better understanding how plant communities will respond to these droughts is a major challenge. We expect the response to be a shift in functional trait values resulting from both species turnover and intraspecific trait variability, but little research has addressed the relative contribution of both components. 2. We analysed the short-term functional response of subalpine grassland communities to a simulated drought by focusing on four leaf traits (LDMC: leaf dry matter content, SLA: specific leaf area, LNC: leaf nitrogen concentration and LCC: leaf carbon concentration). After evaluating species turnover and intraspecific variability separately, we determined their relative contribution in the community functional response to drought, reflected by changes in community-weighted mean traits. 3. We found significant species turnover and intraspecific variability, as well as significant changes in community-weighted mean for most of the traits. The relative contribution of intraspecific variability to the changes in community mean traits was more important (42-99%) than the relative contribution of species turnover (1-58%). Intraspecific variability either amplified (for LDMC, SLA and LCC) or dampened (for LNC) the community functional response mediated by species turnover. We demonstrated that the small contribution of species turnover to the changes in community mean LDMC and LCC was explained by a lack of covariation between species turnover and interspecific trait differences. 4. Synthesis. These results highlight the need for a better consideration of intraspecific variability to understand and predict the effect of climate change on plant communities. While both species turnover and intraspecific variability can be expected following an extreme drought, we report new evidence that intraspecific variability can be a more important driver of the short-term functional response of plant communities.

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Geographic variation in the response to drought in nine grassland species

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Seed source has variable effects on species, communities, and ecosystem properties in grassland restorations

Seed source has variable effects on species, communities, and ecosystem properties in grassland restorations

Drought and Carbon Cycling of Grassland Ecosystems under Global Change: A Review

Intraspecific trait variability mediates the response of subalpine grassland communities to extreme drought events

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