Geographical Occupational Health

Wassermann, M.; D, Wassermann; C, Lemesch

doi:10.1097/00043764-197707000-00006

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“…In the present study, we injected mice four times (49 mg/kg per dose) with PCB-77 over a 6-week period; although this was a higher daily dose than used by Goodwill et al (2007) , it was far less cumulative. Our choice of PCB-77 dose was based on previous studies demonstrating that this dose exhibits proinflammatory effects on endothelial cells when injected into mice ( Hennig et al 2002b ) and is classified as a moderate exposure dose in experimental animals ( Brouwer et al 1999 ; Jensen et al 2001 ; Wassermann and Wassermann 1979 ). In agreement, PCB-77 levels in adipose tissue of mice from this study were far lower than those reported in adipose tissue from rats administered Arochlor [55 vs. 551 μg/g; ( Kodavanti et al 1998 )].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyl-77 Induces Adipocyte Differentiation and Proinflammatory Adipokines and Promotes Obesity and Atherosclerosis

Arsenescu¹,

Arsenescu²,

King

et al. 2008

Environ Health Perspect

283

258

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BackgroundObesity, an inflammatory condition linked to cardiovascular disease, is associated with expansion of adipose tissue. Highly prevalent coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) such as 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-77) accumulate in adipose tissue because of their lipophilicity and increase with obesity. However, the effects of PCBs on adipocytes, obesity, and obesity-associated cardiovascular disease are unknown.ObjectivesIn this study we examined in vitro and in vivo effects of PCB-77 on adipocyte differentiation, proinflammatory adipokines, adipocyte morphology, body weight, serum lipids, and atherosclerosis.MethodsPCB-77 or 2,2′,4,4,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153) was incubated with 3T3-L1 adipocytes either during differentiation or in mature adipocytes. Concentration-dependent effects of PCB-77 were contrasted with those of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). For in vivo studies, we treated C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) or aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)−/− mice with vehicle or PCB-77 (49 mg/kg, by intraperitoneal injection) and examined body weight gain. In separate studies, we injected ApoE−/− mice with vehicle or PCB-77 over a 6-week period and examined body weight, adipocyte size, serum lipids, and atherosclerosis.ResultsLow concentrations of PCB-77 or TCDD increased adipocyte differentiation, glycerol–3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and expression of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ, whereas higher concentrations inhibited adipocyte differentiation. Effects of PCB-77 were abolished by the AhR antagonist α-naphthoflavone. PCB-77 promoted the expression and release of various proinflammatory cytokines from 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Administration of PCB-77 increased body weight gain in WT but not AhR−/− mice. ApoE−/− mice injected with PCB-77 exhibited greater body weight, adipocyte hypertrophy, serum dyslipidemia, and augmented atherosclerosis.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that PCB-77 may contribute to the development of obesity and obesity-associated atherosclerosis.

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