Geographical Variation in Skull Morphology in the Hokkaido Population of the Red Fox,<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>

Amaike, Yosuke; Oishi, Takuya; Uraguchi, Kohji; Abramov, Alexei V.; Masuda, Ryuichi

doi:10.3106/041.040.0405

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In agreement to the present findings, the skull, facial, palatal indices are significantly higher in the raccoon dogs compared to those of the red foxes [ 59 ]. The values of skull length, skull height, width of the braincase, zygomatic width of the Egyptian red fox were nearly similar to those reported in the red foxes in Hokkaido, Japan [ 22 ], Portugal [ 32 ], and Mongolia [ 35 ]. But they are smaller than those reported in the golden Jackals in Bulgaria [ 38 ] and larger than those reported in the corsac fox in Mongolia [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The skulls of mammals are very important and have an adaptive structure, so scientists use them as a good tool for classification, biogeography, and phylogeny [ 20 , 22 , 44 , 45 ]. Among mammals, the skull of Canids varies greatly in size and shape.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the skull and palatal index values of the red fox in the present study are similar to those reported in the red fox in Turkey [ 37 ]. Variation in the craniometric measurements of the red fox in different geographical areas is due to the difference in geographical conditions which affect the diet and food resources of the animal [ 22 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to 8 indices were calculated. The parameters measured were adopted from those reported previously [ 22 , 31 , 33 , 37 ]. Skull indices were calculated following the method reported by Andreis et al [ 42 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, canine morphometric measurements have been reported to be helpful tool for calculation of the total intraconal anesthetic volume [ 29 ] The phenotypic variation in the red fox skull results from natural selection while that of the domestic dog results from artificial selection or domestication [ 30 ]. Several studies have been done to investigate the morphometric measurements of skulls in several Canid species including the red fox, silver fox, corsac fox, golden jackals, Egyptian wolf, dog, lion, and cat [ 22 , 25 , 27 , 31 – 38 ]. These studies revealed that morphometric measurements of the skull are crucial for species identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative craniometric measurements of two Canid species in Egypt: the Egyptian red fox and the Egyptian Baladi dog

Mahdy

Mohamed

2022

BMC Vet Res

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The Egyptian red fox (Vulpes vulpes aegyptiaca) and Egyptian Baladi dog (Canis familiaris) are two members of the Family Canidae that are widely distributed in Egypt. The skulls of different Canid species vary greatly in their size and shape; therefore, they can be used as a tool to study the evolution and evolutionary history of these animals. The craniometric measurements are crucial for species identification and determination of the specific sites for nerve blocks. The present study compared the craniometric measurements of the red fox and Baladi dog skulls by measuring 47 parameters on each skull and calculation of 8 indices. The red fox skull had significantly lower values of 41 craniometric measurements (approximately 87% of the measurements done), including skull length, width, and height, cranial length and width, palatal and mandibular length, and dental measurements. In contrast, the red fox had significantly higher values of only 3 measurements (approximately 6% of the measurements done) including the tympanic bulla measurement. While only three skull measurements did not differ significantly between the red fox and dog. Statistics revealed that domestic dog had significantly higher values of foramen magnum and palatine indices, and significantly lower value of nasal index than those of red fox. The present work reported variations in the gross and craniometric measurements of skull between the red fox and dog. The measured cranial parameters of both adult animals provide valuable information that can be used in ecological studies, comparative anatomy, and clinical veterinary sciences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative craniometric measurements of two Canid species in Egypt: the Egyptian red fox and the Egyptian Baladi dog

Mahdy

Mohamed

2022

BMC Vet Res

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Morphometric analysis of the red fox molar teeth in Lithuania

Jurgelėnas

Jasineviciute

Kerzienė

et al. 2022

Anat Histol Embryol

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The objective of the study was to investigate the lengths and widths of maxillary (P4, M1 and M2) and mandibular (M1, M2 and M3) molar teeth, lengths of dental rows and dental features of sexual dimorphism in the red fox. The correlation analysis between teeth measurements and dental row length was included too. The osteometric analysis was performed by the A. von den Driesch (1976) method. A total of 230 skulls and mandibles were investigated (n = 230): 113 males (n = 113) and 117 females (n = 117). The findings of the research revealed that most dimensions are higher in males compared with females (p < 0.001). Contrarily, Wilks' Lambda analysis showed results in the interval from 0.821 to 1, which leads to the conclusion that a teeth measurement study is unreliable to determine the sex of the red fox. The trustworthy measurements were the length of the whole dental arcade in the maxilla and mandible (UDR and LDR); Wilks' Lambda UDR = 0.860; LDR = 0.821; p < 0.001). Evaluation of the correlation between measurements revealed that results vary from very weak (0.047) to moderate strength (0.543). There were no strongly correlating measurements found. The correlation between the upper and lower molars with the length of the teeth arcade is quite weak, and only solitary measurements (M2, L and B) had a weak correlation.

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Distinct features of intraspecific and intrapopulation variability of the skull size in the red fox

2017

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The range of chronographic variability of the average size of the skull in the red fox (data collected by the authors) from a compact area in the Middle Urals has been assessed for a 30-year period, and the results obtained have been compared with the published data on the geographical variability within the vast species range. The range of changes of the average dimensions of the skull over time spanned almost the entire range of geographical variability. Therefore, the problem of search for factors that determine the morphological diversity arises.

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Geographical Variation in Skull Morphology in the Hokkaido Population of the Red Fox,Vulpes vulpes

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative craniometric measurements of two Canid species in Egypt: the Egyptian red fox and the Egyptian Baladi dog

Comparative craniometric measurements of two Canid species in Egypt: the Egyptian red fox and the Egyptian Baladi dog

Morphometric analysis of the red fox molar teeth in Lithuania

Distinct features of intraspecific and intrapopulation variability of the skull size in the red fox

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