Geographical Variation in the Breeding Systems of an Invasive Plant, Eichhornia Crassipes, Within China

Zhang, Quanguo; Zhang, Dayong; MingXun, Ren

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2004.0098

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Interprovincial distributions of China’s 10 major aquatic invasive plants. Data are from the Chinese books including “ The Chinese Aquatic Plants ” (Chen et al, 2012), “ The Checklist of the Invasive Plants ” (Ma, 2013), “ Inventory Invasive Alien Species in China ” (Xu and Qiang, 2007), and “ Illustrations of Alien Invasive Plants in China ” (Yan et al, 2016); Chinese databases including “Chinese Virtual Herbarium” (http://www.cvh.ac.cn/), “Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae” (the online version, http://frps.eflora.cn/), and “National Specimen Information Infrastructure of China” (http://mnh.scu.edu.cn/); and some published literatures (Ren et al, 2004; Ding et al, 2008; Zhang and Meng, 2013; Yan et al, 2014; Wang et al, 2016; Wu et al, 2016). …”

Section: Aquatic Alien Plants In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Change Sharpens the Double-Edged Sword Effect of Aquatic Alien Plants in China and Beyond

Ding

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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Many alien aquatic plants are deliberately introduced because they have economic, ornamental, or environmental values; however, they may also negatively affect aquatic ecosystems, by blocking rivers, restricting aquatic animals and plants by decreasing dissolved oxygen, and reducing native biodiversity. These positive and/or negative ecological effects may be enhanced under global change. Here, we examine the impacts of global change on aquatic alien plant introduction and/or invasions by reviewing their introduction pathways, distributions, and ecological effects. We focus on how climate change, aquatic environmental pollution, and China’s rapid economic growth in recent decades affect their uses and invasiveness in China. Among 55 species of alien aquatic plants in China, 10 species are invasive, such as Eichhornia crassipes , Alternanthera philoxeroides , and Pistia stratiotes . Most of these invaders were intentionally introduced and dispersed across the country but are now widely distributed and invasive. Under climate warming, many species have expanded their distributions to areas where it was originally too cold for their survival. Thus, these species are (and will be) considered to be beneficial plants in aquaculture and for the restoration of aquatic ecosystems (for water purification) across larger areas. However, for potential invasive species, climate warming is (and will be) increasing their invasion risk in more areas. In addition, nitrogen deposition and phosphorus inputs may also alter the status of some alien species. Furthermore, climate warming has shifted the interactions between alien aquatic plants and herbivores, thus impacting their future spreads. Under climate change, more precipitation in North China and more frequent flooding in South China will increase the uncertainties of ecological effects of alien aquatic plants in these regions. We also predict that, under the continuing booming economy in China, more and more alien aquatic plants will be used for aquatic landscaping and water purification. In conclusion, our study indicates that both human activities under rapid economic growth and climate change can either increase the potential uses of alien aquatic plants or make the aquatic invaders worse in China and other areas in the world. These findings are critical for future risk assessment of aquatic plant introduction and aquatic ecosystem restoration.

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Section: Aquatic Alien Plants In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Change Sharpens the Double-Edged Sword Effect of Aquatic Alien Plants in China and Beyond

Ding

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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The evolutionary history ofCardamine bulbiferashows a successful rapid postglacial Eurasian range expansion in the absence of sexual reproduction

Mandáková

Lysak

et al. 2022

Annals of Botany

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Background and Aims Sexual reproduction is known to drive plant diversification and adaptation. Here we investigate the evolutionary history and spatiotemporal origin of a dodecaploid (2n = 12x = 96) Eurasian deciduous woodland species, Cardamine bulbifera, which reproduces and spreads via vegetative bulb-like structures only. The species has been among the most successful range expanding understory woodland plants in Europe, which raises the question of the genetic architecture of respective gene pools, since its hexaploid (2n = 6x = 48) but putatively outcrossing closest relative, C. quinquefolia, displays a smaller distribution range in Eastern Europe towards the Caucasus region. Cardamine bulbifera belongs to a small monophyletic clade of four species comprising also C. abchasica (2n = 2x = 16) and C. bipinnata (unknown ploidy) from the Caucasus region. Methods We sequenced the genomes of the two polyploids and their two putative ancestors using Illumina short read sequencing technology (7-8x coverage). Covering the entire distribution range genomic data were generated for 67 samples of the two polyploids (51 samples of C. bulbifera, 16 samples of C. quinquefolia) and six samples of the putative diploid taxa (4 samples of C. abchasica, 2 samples of C. bipinnata) to unravel the evolutionary origin of the polyploid taxa using phylogenetic reconstructions of biparentally and maternally inherited genetic sequence data. Ploidy levels of C. bulbifera and C. quinquefolia were analysed by comparative chromosome painting. We used genetic assignment analysis (STRUCTURE) and ABC modelling to test whether C. bulbifera represents genetically differentiated lineages and addressed the hypothesis of its hybrid origin. Comparative ecological modelling was applied to unravel possible niche differentiation among the two polyploid species. Key Results Cardamine bulbifera was shown to be a non-hybridogenous, auto-dodecaploid taxon of early Pleistocene origin, but with a history of past gene flow with its hexaploid sister species C. quinquefolia, likely during the last glacial maximum in shared refuge areas in Eastern Europe towards Western Turkey and the Crimean Peninsula region. The diploid Caucasian endemic C. abchasica is considered an ancestral species, which also provides evidence for the origin of the species complex in the Caucasus region. C. bulbifera successfully expanded its distribution range postglacially towards Central- and Western Europe accompanied by a transition to exclusively vegetative propagation. Conclusions A transition to vegetative propagation in C. bulbifera is hypothesized as the major innovation to rapidly expand its distribution range following postglacially progressing woodland vegetation throughout Europe. Preceding and introgressive gene flow from its sister species C. quinquefolia in the joint refuge area is documented. This transition and ecological differentiation may have been triggered by preceding introgressive gene flow from its sister species in the joint East European refuge areas.

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The reproductive strategy of a typical distylous Ophiorrhiza alatiflora (Rubiaceae), in fragmented habitat

Li,

Yao,

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionHeterostyly is a genetically controlled style polymorphism, that plays an important role in promoting outcrossing and improving reproductive fitness. Although distyly is often studied in plants of the Rubiaceae family, little attention has been paid to the reproductive strategies of distylous species in fragmented habitats. Here, We report for the first time the growth of Ophiorrhiza alatiflora, a type distylous species, in karst areas and evaluate its reciprocity between long styled morph and short one. We analyze the two distyly morph differences in the ancillary polymorphic of flowers and explore their reproductive strategy in fragmented habitats.MethodsIn this study, we measured the floral characteristics of different morphs and performed differential secondary metabolite analysis on different morphs and tissue organs; Different pollination treatments were carried out to observe the fruit set, pollen germination, and pollen tube elongation of O. alatiflora.Results and discussionOur research indicates that O. alatiflora is a typical distylous plant for the distyly has high reciprocity. Both morphs exhibit the highest fruit set of intermorph outcrossing; The pollen germination and pollen tube elongation experiments have also demonstrated that the affinity of pollen from intermorph outcrossing is highest, regardless of whether it is the long or short morph as the maternal parent; Meanwhile, O. alatiflora is an incompletely self-incompatible plant that exhibits a certain degree of self-pollination and intramorph outcrossing, which may be one of the important means to ensure sustainable reproduction in severely disturbed habitats. In the ancillary polymorphic of flowers, L-morphs flowers produce more pollen, and S-morph flowers produce more ovules to improve their male-female fitness and compensate for the asymmetry of pollen flow; Compared with S-morphs, L-morphs contain significantly higher levels of several kinds of terpenoids. S-morphs produce more flavonoids than L-morphs. The differences in secondary metabolites between L-morphs and S-morphs are mainly reflected in the different nutritional organs (including stems and leaves). Overall, our work has revealed the unique reproductive strategy of O. alatiflora in fragmented habitats based on the characteristics of distyly, verifying the hypothesis that the distyly of O. alatiflora promotes outcrossing and avoids male-female interference, improving male-female fitness and this is the first time in the Ophiorrhiza genus.

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Geographical Variation in the Breeding Systems of an Invasive Plant, Eichhornia Crassipes, Within China

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Global Change Sharpens the Double-Edged Sword Effect of Aquatic Alien Plants in China and Beyond

Global Change Sharpens the Double-Edged Sword Effect of Aquatic Alien Plants in China and Beyond

The evolutionary history ofCardamine bulbiferashows a successful rapid postglacial Eurasian range expansion in the absence of sexual reproduction

The reproductive strategy of a typical distylous Ophiorrhiza alatiflora (Rubiaceae), in fragmented habitat

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