Geohazards Affecting Cultural Heritage Monuments. A Complex Case Study From Romania

Abstract

The impact that geohazards have on cultural heritage requires continuous research in order to assess risks, prevention and conservation. This study has as the main research object, a uniquen monument in terms of its connection with the risk phenomena. It is about a wooden church historical monument from the village of Corbești, Romania, which was destroyed at the beginning of the tenth decade of the last century by a meteorological hazard, later reconstructed on a new site (in Oradea Municipality), and currently there is a risk of being affected by a geological hazard. The study focused on three main directions of research, namely: reconstructing the film of events, analyzing current risks and finding viable methods for future conservation and promotion. The methodology is based on extensive field research and the use of digital technologies. The results obtained confirmed the church's tendency to be affected by the emergence of a new risk phenomenon - landslides. In order to conserve and rebuild in case of need, the monument was digitized and a three-dimensional model of high accuracy was developed. This approach has the advantage of being low-cost, fast, non-invasive and providing large volumes of valuable information in the process of cultural heritage conservation.

Spatial distribution of elements, environmental effects, and economic potential of waste from the Aksu ferroalloy plant [Kazakhstan]

“…Over 22 billion tons of waste, including approximately 4 billion tons of mining waste, over 1.1 billion tons of toxic waste, and 105 million tons of metallurgical processing waste have accumulated as a result of the activities of nonferrous metallurgy enterprises [12]. Interestingly, in Kazakhstan no more than 2% of accumulating waste is processed and utilized nowadays [3,13].…”

Microbiological, Health and Comfort Aspects of Indoor Air Quality in a Romanian Historical Wooden Church

“…The wooden church of Boianu Mare (Bihor County, Romania) is the focus of investigation, an 18th century heritage building in good state of conservation. It is an attraction for cultural tourism tours because of its size and the nature of its conservation [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The church has been used for several years only on special occasions, for which little funds have been allocated for heating during the winter season, as well as for other necessary maintenance operations, and consequently fungal contamination has occurred [ 10 ].…”

Natural hazards affecting cultural heritage: assessment of flood and landslide risk for the 28 existing Norwegian stave churches

“…The selection of the churches as case studies is often based on existing information or maps that highlight their high exposure e.g. flood or landslide susceptibility maps (Cambiaggi and Berardi, 2019;Pascale et al, 2013), created by overlapping cultural heritage assets' location or based on knowledge of past hazards (Previtali et al, 2018;Cuca, 2020;Ilieș et al, 2020). Countries where the research has been conducted might indicate zones more prone to disasters: Portugal, Spain and Italy in the Mediterranean area, the Louisiana in the US and, for multi-hazards, the Philippines.…”

“…The methodologies adopted in literature which study flooding and dampness as well as landslide and mass movement in historic city centers are multiple. GIS software is often used to assess hazards through mapping, and to create digital archives with information and scenarios of specific and multiple risk to assist future urban planning (Ortiz et al, 2016;Cambiaggi and Berardi, 2019;Indirli et al, 2011;Ilieș et al, 2020). GIS is integrated with other tools such as Delphi (Ortiz et al, 2016) i.e.…”

“…GIS is integrated with other tools such as Delphi (Ortiz et al, 2016) i.e. a consultation process surveying a multidisciplinary group of experts to gain weighted factors, or as the frequency ratio method to create susceptibility index (Ilieș et al, 2020). Previtali et al (2018) recognized the need of a further step in this proposed monitoring methodology i.e.…”