Geoinformation analysis of climatic conditionality of soil formation in the territory of the Crimea peninsula

Abstract

Modern studies of directional climate change, which are aimed at identifying the heterogeneity of trends both over territory and over time, actively use spatial analysis and mapping results to overcome the problem of converting discrete data from a limited number of meteorological stations into a conditional continuum surface. The purpose of the work was to use geoinformation technologies to establish spatial patterns of distribution of climatic energy costs for soil formation on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula across three time slices: for two 30-year periods of climate norms that were established by the World Meteorological Organization (1961–1990 and 1991–2020) and the retrospective stage (before 1960). Meteorological data on heat and moisture supply indicators were integrated into the calculated values of climatic energy costs for soil formation for irregularly located weather stations and then converted into grapho-mathematical abstractions of the spatial distribution of the estimated parameter using the Tension Spline method. The results of mapping the spatial distribution of climatic energy costs for soil formation showed that they increased over two 30-year periods (1961–1990 and 1991–2020) compared to the previous stage by 8 % and 10 %, respectively. Moreover, for the modern period (1991–2020), with a general increase in energy costs for soil formation by 72 % of the area of the Crimean Peninsula, territorial differences in its individual parts were established. If in the center and southeast of the peninsula a significant increase in the energy potential of the climate was noted, then on the southern coast (east of Yalta), on the contrary, a decrease in this indicator was noted. The results obtained and assessments of the energy potential of the climate over the past 30 years create an information basis for determining the effectiveness of soil renaturation in the regimes of post-agrogenic development and rehabilitation agriculture.