Geological Background and Three Vulnerable Geosites of the Kızılcahamam–Çamlıdere Geopark Project in Ankara, Turkey

Kazancı, Nizamettin

doi:10.1007/s12371-012-0064-2

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The Khamyshki-Lipovaja geosite (Western Caucasus, Russia) provided the opportunity to observe structures, namely simple folds and faults [19], and in more recent investigations excellent natural exposures of these structural elements were found ( Figure 1). Neotectonic features (Late Cenozoic tectonic activity): Kazanci [20] suggested that the relevance of some geosites near Ankara to the neotectonic development of the western Pontides stresses their uniqueness. The Azish-Tau 4500 viewpoint geosite in Mountainous Adygeya (Russia) offers a panoramic view of the landforms (mountain ranges and the river valley), providing a clue to the understanding of the neotectonic uplift of the Western Caucasus ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Experience-based Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonics-Related Geosites: Towards Accurate Nomenclature

2019

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Accurate nomenclature of geological heritage sites (geosites) is necessary to facilitate their description and territorial geodiversity evaluation (both important for sustainable development and efficient land-use planning). As suggested by previous geological heritage studies, tectonics-related geosites are termed differently and, chiefly, provisionally (e.g., as tectonic geosites or structural geosites). Moreover, the nomenclature should take into account modern advances in the understanding of some basic tectonic phenomena. We propose abandoning the separation of structural, neotectonic, and seismic types of geosites and replacing with a single tectonic type. This can be further subdivided into subtypes, although one should consider the complexities in the links between tectonic and other geological phenomena (e.g., unique seismic features are essentially tectonic, but these can be expressed via geomorphological or sedimentary features—a geosite retains tectonic and geomorphological/sedimentary types in this case). The development of accurate nomenclature of tectonics-related geosites requires debates by experts in geological heritage.

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Section: Experience-based Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonics-Related Geosites: Towards Accurate Nomenclature

2019

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“…Such distinction naturally creates a system from the simplest geological and geomorphological features to more complex systems that can form the basis to developing geoconservational, geoeducational and geotouristic programs. The smallest unit in such systems is the geosite [20][21][22][23] or geomorphosite [24][25][26] reflecting the nature of the feature classified (e.g., of geological or geomorphological importance). In this respect, geosites or geomorphosites are normally single/simple geologically and/or geomorphologically important features unique in representativeness, scientific interest, rarity, landscape value and educational value; moreover, they are relatively easy to access [25,27,28].…”

Section: Geosites -Geotop -Geoparkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Moufti

Németh²,

Murcia

et al. 2013

Open Geosciences

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UNESCO promotes geoconservation through various programs intended to establish an inventory of geologically and geomorphologically significant features worldwide that can serve as an important database to understand the Earth's global geoheritage. An ultimate goal of such projects globally is to establish geoparks that represent an integrated network of knowledge transfer opportunities, based on a specific array of geological and geomorphological sites able to graphically demonstrate how the Earth works to the general public. In these complex geoconservation and geoeducational programs, the identification of significant geological and geomorphological features is very important. These are commonly referred to as 'geosites' or 'geomorphosites', depending on whether the feature or processes the site demonstrates is more geological or geomorphological, respectively. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an extraordinary place due to its arid climate and therefore perfect exposures of rock formations. The Kingdom is also home to extensive volcanic fields, named "harrats" in Arabic, referring particularly to the black, basaltic lava fields that dominate the desert landscape. Current efforts to increase awareness of the importance of these volcanic fields in the geological landscape of Arabia culminated in the first proposal to incorporate the superbly exposed volcanic features into an integrated geoconservation and geoeducation program that will hopefully lead to the development of a geopark named, "The Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark" [1].Here we describe one of the extraordinary features of the proposed Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark, namely a steep lava spatter cone formed during a historical eruption in 1256 AD. Keywords

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“…Geological (and/or geomorphological) sites have just been started to be catalogued following the geosite (geomorphosites), geotop and geopark concept that has been successfully used elsewhere [30,[35][36][37]. Recently initiated projects in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have identified and documented many volcanic geosites that are significant in their context, such as significant in comparison to the host volcanic region where they are located, as well as carrying values that make them internationally important volcanic features to contribute to the global understanding of specific volcanic processes [7].…”

Section: Hierarchic Volcanic Precinct Concept Of the Recently Proposementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Establishment of volcanic geoparks and associated geoconservation and geotouristic projects are heavily reliant on the scientific and educational foundation of the proposed projects in concert with detailed assessments of the local and regional benefits of such projects [29][30][31][32][33]. Geotourism and its facilitators, geoparks, are commonly viewed as the gateway of socioeconomic development of a region, particularly rural or underdeveloped areas [29,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Basis of the Geoheritage and Geotouristic Values of the 641 AD Al Madinah Eruption Site in the Al Madinah Volcanic Field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Moufti¹

2013

TOGEOJ

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Recent volcanological and volcanic hazard studies on the youngest volcanic fields in the western Arabian Peninsula, such as the Al Madinah Volcanic Field (AMVF) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, resulted in the systematic evaluation, characterization and recording of their volcanic geoheritage. The two youngest volcanic eruptions of the AMVF were in 641 AD and 1256 AD, as documented in historic records. Both eruption sites are located nearby the holy city of Al Madinah and therefore offer a unique opportunity to develop geoheritage, geoconservation and geotourism projects. Here we present geological evidence to justify the location of a visitor and education center at the 641 AD eruption site, a future gateway to the proposed Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark. The inferred location of the 641 AD eruption consists of four cones that are located in a suburban area of Al Madinah city, outside of its "haram" area (an area restricted for Muslims only). The four cones formed through a broad array of volcanic processes that represent a complete spectrum of the volcanic processes recorded in the whole AMVF. Here we provide a detailed description of the volcanic features of these four cones and contrast these features with the broader volcanic heritage of the AMVF to provide a strong scientific basis to the establishment of a visitor and geoeducation center in the vicinity of these four cones. We also provide some basic data on the potential benefit and touristic value of such a project as a potential gateway to the newly proposed Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark.

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Geological Background and Three Vulnerable Geosites of the Kızılcahamam–Çamlıdere Geopark Project in Ankara, Turkey

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Tectonics-Related Geosites: Towards Accurate Nomenclature

Tectonics-Related Geosites: Towards Accurate Nomenclature

Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Scientific Basis of the Geoheritage and Geotouristic Values of the 641 AD Al Madinah Eruption Site in the Al Madinah Volcanic Field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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