Geological heritage as a new kind of natural resource in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt: The first assessment, comparison to the Russian South, and sustainable development issues

Sallam, Emad S.; el-aal, Abd el-aziz Khairy Abd; Fedorov, Yu. A.; Bobrysheva, Olessia R.; Ruban, Dmitry A.

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.04.008

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The scientific scores-based evaluation of this geosite based on the approach adapted from Warowna et al [25] is provided in Table 2. Scientific knowledge of the Big Yashalta Lake results from the present study and some preliminary information was published in a major international journal by Sallam et al [13]. This corresponds to the scientific knowledge score of 0.5.…”

Section: Geoheritage Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In summer, the lake desiccates (at least partly) due to excessive evaporation ( Figure 2). The exposed mud contains salt crystals and crusts [13]. By sampling bottom sediments (150 m far from the shoreline), we determined that these sediments are black mud ( Figure 2) with half-degraded plant debris and have a smell of hydrogen sulfide.…”

Section: General Lake Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previous works of Fedorov and Ruban [12] and Sallam et al [13] have shown that the vast territory of the Russian South, which is dominated by semi-arid environments, hosts lakes that can be treated as geoheritage. Moreover, the above-mentioned works have provided evidence (possibly for the first time) that lacustrine bottom muds that are rich in sulfides, methane and organic matter are unique formations that deserve consideration in terms of their heritage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoheritage Resource of Small Mud Lakes in the Semi-Arid Environments of the Russian South

Fedorov

Ruban

2019

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Lakes constitute a significant freshwater resource and are often regarded as being an important part of a country’s natural heritage. However, their geological heritage (geoheritage) value remains significantly understudied. Three small lakes, namely the Salt Lake, the Gruzskoe Lake and the Big Yashalta Lake, located in the central part of the Russian South were studied in this paper. The main focus of this research was to search for relevant unique geological features. This paper established that these lakes are distinguishable from other lakes by the presence of dark-colored mud that is rich in sulfides and methane. As a result of excessive summer evaporation, the lakes desiccate (partly or even fully) and this results in exposure of the mud as well as the formation of salt crystals and crusts. This bottom mud (peloid, therapeutic mud) forms as a result of highly-complex biogeochemical processes in semi-arid environments. This mud is interpreted as being part of the lake’s geoheritage as it belongs to sedimentary, geochemical and other types. Moreover, this geoheritage has a high ranking nationally. The most representative example can be found at the Big Yashalta Lake and for that reason, this lake is proposed as a geosite. Established sites of geoheritage importance are vital to geoscience research and geotourism activities and thus, these sites are considered to be a resource. Together with the development of local ecotourism and the use of peloids for the health industry purposes, the exploitation of this geoheritage resource would contribute to the sustainable development of the local area.

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Section: Geoheritage Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: General Lake Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoheritage Resource of Small Mud Lakes in the Semi-Arid Environments of the Russian South

Fedorov

Ruban

2019

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“…Salts can damage stone and other building materials through a range of other mechanisms like differential thermal expansion, osmotic swelling of clays, crystallization pressure, hydration pressure, and enhanced wet/dry cycles caused by deliquescent salts [8][9][10]. Salt weathering refers to weathering generated by soluble and insoluble salts (such as in this study) and the weathering of salt [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Salt Weathering of 7th Century CE Granite Monument of Shore Temple, Mahabalipuram—Scientific Investigation and Conservation Strategy

Kumar

Singh

2019

Heritage

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Salt-induced deterioration of architectural heritage is accelerated drastically in marine environments. This paper investigates the deterioration mechanism of the Shore Temple using various analytical techniques. Deteriorated and pristine stone samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), thin section studies, and SEM in order to understand the deterioration mechanism. The meteorological and micro-climatic conditions of Shore Temple in the tropical Indian climate were studied, as they have played a vital role in the deterioration of the stone matrix. The sides of the temple that face the sea as well as the upper part of the temple show intense alveolarization and the stone variety was petrologically identified as “garnetiferous hornblende biotite granite”. The evaluation of results in terms of the efficacy of ethyl silicate consolidation of stone after desalination is very difficult due to continuous sea sprays. The compatible lime rendering evidenced in the shelter area and then scientifically examined during this study may be applied as a protective layer to safeguard and conserve the lone Pallava edifice on the seashore from deterioration in tropical and hygric saline conditions.

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“…However, coastal peloids have been studied rarely, e.g., a few examples have been reported from the Azov Sea [10] and the Adriatic Sea [11]. In the Russian South (a vast territory between the Don River in the north, the Azov Sea in the west, the Caspian Sea in the east, and the Caucasus Mountains in the south), peloids have been described from various geological settings, chiefly continental [7,12,13], but the knowledge of their coastal typeremains restricted [14,15]. The geoheritage importance of this peloidtype has been never analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Peloids as Geological Heritage: Evidence from the Taman Peninsula (Southwestern Russia)

Fedorov

Гарькуша

Trubnik

et al. 2019

Water

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The coastal peloidis a peculiar and poorly-studied geological substance. Peloids occurin the Bugaz, Kiziltash, and Vityazevolimans and the Chemburka Lake on the southern coast of the Taman Peninsula. The studied peloids are dark-colored mud enriched in hydrogen sulfide and methane and constitute the uppermost 10–20 cm of bottom sediments. Being geologically unique, the coastal peloids of the Taman Peninsula can be recognized as ageoheritage site. Their uniqueness is linked to sediment type, biogeochemical processes, economic value, and depositional environment. The most typical peloids are found in the BugazLiman and the Chemburka Lake, proposed as geosites. The recognized coastal geoheritage site can be used for the purposes of science, education, and tourism, and its utility seems to be especially high because of its close location to the big resort area of Anapa. It appears to be important to balance management of this geoheritagesite with peloid extraction for balneological purposes. The studied coastal muds should be involved into the regional planning programs aimed at sustainable development (international experience and, particularly, some examples from the British coasts should be taken into consideration). Particularly, it is necessary to put peloid use into the context of regional planning and sustainable natural resource management.

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Geological heritage as a new kind of natural resource in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt: The first assessment, comparison to the Russian South, and sustainable development issues

Cited by 38 publications

References 59 publications

Geoheritage Resource of Small Mud Lakes in the Semi-Arid Environments of the Russian South

Geoheritage Resource of Small Mud Lakes in the Semi-Arid Environments of the Russian South

Salt Weathering of 7th Century CE Granite Monument of Shore Temple, Mahabalipuram—Scientific Investigation and Conservation Strategy

Coastal Peloids as Geological Heritage: Evidence from the Taman Peninsula (Southwestern Russia)

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