Geometrical Optics Analysis of Diffraction in Patterned Cholesteric Liquid Crystals

Ozaki, Ryotaro; Saiki, Kohdai; Hashimura, Shunsuke; Kadowaki, Kazunori; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Ozaki, Masanori

doi:10.1021/acsaom.3c00093

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, a broader bandwidth implies to a more uniform response to a wider range of incident wavelengths and angles. Besides, a higher n LC material will also lead to a wider angular and spectral bandwidth based on the geometric explanation in [72].…”

Section: Polarization Volume Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveguide-based augmented reality displays: perspectives and challenges

Ding,

Yang,

et al. 2023

eLight

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Augmented reality (AR) displays, as the next generation platform for spatial computing and digital twins, enable users to view digital images superimposed on real-world environment, fostering a deeper level of human-digital interactions. However, as a critical element in an AR system, optical combiners face unprecedented challenges to match the exceptional performance requirements of human vision system while keeping the headset ultracompact and lightweight. After decades of extensive device and material research efforts, and heavy investment in manufacturing technologies, several promising waveguide combiners have been developed. In this review paper, we focus on the perspectives and challenges of optical waveguide combiners for AR displays. We will begin by introducing the basic device structures and operation principles of different AR architectures, and then delve into different waveguide combiners, including geometric and diffractive waveguide combiners. Some commonly used in-couplers and out-couplers, such as prisms, mirrors, surface relief gratings, volume holographic gratings, polarization volume gratings, and metasurface-based couplers, will be discussed, and their properties analyzed in detail. Additionally, we will explore recent advances in waveguide combiner design and modeling, such as exit pupil expansion, wide field of view, geometric architectures of waveguide couplers, full-color propagation, and brightness and color uniformity optimization. Finally, we will discuss the bottlenecks and future development trends in waveguide combiner technologies. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of waveguide combiner technologies, analyze their pros and cons, and then present the future challenges of AR displays.

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Section: Polarization Volume Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveguide-based augmented reality displays: perspectives and challenges

Ding,

Yang,

et al. 2023

eLight

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show abstract

“…Near the alignment pattern on the substrate surface, the directors are oriented along the easy axis of the local orientation; however, in bulk, they attempt to form a one-dimensional helical structure. Consequently, the helical axis in the bulk becomes oblique, forming a one-dimensional slanted structure and minimizing free energy. , This slanted structure slightly changes the reflection bands of the diffractor from the case in which the directors are perfectly aligned with the pattern . Therefore, clarifying the orientation state of an LC optical element is important for device design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slanted Structure of Blue Phase II Self-Aligned on One-Dimensional Patterned Surfaces

Nakajima

Mitsuhashi

Cho

2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Orientation analysis of liquid crystal (LC) devices is important for understanding and controlling light propagation behavior in these devices. Blue phases (BPs)�unique LC phases that self-organize into three-dimensional helical structures�are candidate materials for LC-based reflective diffractors. We realized BPII deflectors with large diffraction angles using one-dimensional surface alignment patterns. We analyzed the BPII lattice arrangement in the deflector based on Bragg reflections and demonstrated that the lattice structure was slanted with respect to the substrate, which was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. In addition, we calculated the similarity between the alignment pattern on the substrate surface and the director arrangement of BPII near the interface, confirming that the structure observed experimentally matched the most probable calculated structure. Thus, this study contributes to the optical design of BPII deflectors and provides information on the orientation mechanism in high-order self-organizing soft matter structures.

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Conclusions and Outlook

Stachura

2024

Springer Tracts in Modern Physics

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Geometrical Optics Analysis of Diffraction in Patterned Cholesteric Liquid Crystals

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Waveguide-based augmented reality displays: perspectives and challenges

Waveguide-based augmented reality displays: perspectives and challenges

Slanted Structure of Blue Phase II Self-Aligned on One-Dimensional Patterned Surfaces

Conclusions and Outlook

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