Geriatric thyroidology: An update

Ajish, TP; Jayakumar, RV

doi:10.4103/2230-8210.98006

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…(4,5) However elective thyroid surgery and another complementary methods of treatment sustained by a careful preoperative preparation and an individual risk stratification can be performed with good results and low morbidity and mortality than same procedures in youthful patients. (6,7,8,9,10,11,12)…”

Section: Introduction Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and surgical treatment of thyroid pathology in patients over 65 years

et al. 2015

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Manifestãri clinice aei tratamentul chirurgical al patologiei tiroidiene la pacienåii peste 65 ani Introducere: Creaeterea semnificativã a duratei de viaåã a populaåiei a condus la o semnificativã sporire a prevalenåei condiåiilor tiroidiene benigne aei maligne aei în egalã mãsurã a intervenåiilor chirurgicale pentru aceastã patologie. Pacienåi aei metodã: Într-o serie personalã de 464 tireopatii tratate chirurgical într-un interval de douã decade am înregistrat 51 cazuri (10.9%) peste 65 ani dintre care 11 (2.4%) depãaeind 75 ani. Sunt analizate caracteristicele demografice, clinice aei diagnostice împreunã cu indicaåiile, tehnicile chirurgicale aei rezultatele acestora în timp. Cercetarea statisticã retrospectivã analizând raportul de risc aei intervalul de încredere (95%) nu a identificat factori suplimentari de risc ai complicaåiilor postchirurgicale la aceastã grupã de vârstã. Rezultate: Am consemnat 33 femei aei 18 bãrbaåi (raport 1,8/1) confirmaåi clinic, paraclinic aei histologic cu guaeã (multi)nodularã 24 cazuri (47.0%), tirotoxicoze 18 cazuri (35.2%) aei respectiv carcinoame tiroidiene 9 cazuri (17.6%). Au fost practicate 34 tiroidectomii totale sau subtotale aei 17 exereze conservatoare. Nu am înregistrat decese postoperatorii dar am notat câte trei cazuri de hipocalcemie prelungitã aei respectiv câte douã paralizii recurenåiale aei recidive lezionale. În toate cazurile benigne am realizat vindecãri stabile în timp ce în cancere am obåinut supravieåuiri la 3-5 ani în 4 tumori papilare. Concluzii: În pofida unor dificultãåi de diagnostic aei riscurilor suplimentare legate de comorbiditãåi, patologia tiroidianã benignã aei malignã instalatã la bolnavi peste 65 ani poate beneficia de toate tipurile de exereze glandulare conservatoare sau radicale în condiåiile unei selecåii riguroase a cazurilor.

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Section: Introduction Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and surgical treatment of thyroid pathology in patients over 65 years

et al. 2015

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“…Increases in size and number of follicles have been reported in the aged male albino rat and in the humped camel [2]; however, the thyroid of a human over the age of 60 undergoes progressive fibrosis and atrophy, leading to a reduction in thyroid volume [3,4]. The loss of follicular cells due to age-associated cell death has been reported, but the loss of thyroid function is debated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphological and Functional Changes in the Thyroid Follicles of the Aged Murine and Humans

Lee

Kang

et al. 2016

J Pathol Transl Med

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BackgroundAlthough both thyroid histology and serum concentrations of hormones are known to change with age, only a few reports exist on the relationship between the age-related structural and functional changes of the thyroid follicles in both mice and humans. Our objectives were to investigate age-related histological changes of the thyroid follicles and to determine whether these morphological changes were associated with the functional activity of the follicles.MethodsThe thyroid glands of mice at 18 weeks and at 6, 15, and 30 months of age were histologically examined, and the serum levels of thyroid hormones were measured in 11-week-old and 20-month-old mice. Samples of human thyroid tissue from 10 women over 70 years old and 10 women between 30 and 50 years of age were analyzed in conjunction with serum thyroid hormone level.ResultsThe histological and functional changes observed in the thyroid follicles of aged mice and women were as follows: variable sizing and enlargement of the follicles; increased irregularity of follicles; Sanderson’s polsters in the wall of large follicles; a large thyroglobulin (Tg) globule or numerous small fragmented Tg globules in follicular lumens; oncocytic change in follicular cells; and markedly dilated follicles empty of colloid. Serum T3 levels in 20-month-old mice and humans were unremarkable.ConclusionsThyroid follicles of aged mice and women show characteristic morphological changes, such as cystic atrophy, empty colloid, and Tg globules.

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“…Increased size and number of follicles were also found in the humped camel [7]. Similarly, the thyroid in humans over the age of 60 undergoes progressive fibrosis and atrophy, leading to a reduction in the thyroid volume [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Age-associated functional morphology of thyroid and its impact on the expression of vimentin, cytokeratins and VEGF. The role of nigella in refinement

Zaki

Mohamed

Fattah

et al. 2018

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. Aging causes morphological and functional changes in the thyroid gland. Free radicals play a key role in the pathology of normal aging. Vimentin and cytokeratin are cytoskeletal intermediate filaments that are often used as indirect indices of tissue injury. The aim of the study was to clarify the age-related alterations in the structure and function of the thyroid gland. The relationship between oxidative/antioxidative stress markers and cytoskeletal intermediate filaments (vimentin and cytokeratin) and oxidative/antioxidative stress markers as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during aging were elucidated. Finally, the role of Nigella sativa (NS) oil in ameliorating age-related alterations of the structure and function of the thyroid gland was studied. Material and methods. Thirty Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into five groups: young adult control, young adult NS-treated, late adult control, late adult NS-treated, and senile. The age of young adult, late adult, and senile rats was nearly 7, 18 and 22 months, respectively. NS oil was added to food pellets and was administered at a daily dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight for one month. The thyroid gland was dissected and fixed immediately in 10% formalin saline. The assessment of thyroid structure was based on hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson's trichrome stainings, and histomorphometric analysis of the deparaffinized sections. Localization and distribution of vimentin and cytokeratin filaments was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Measurements of VEGF gene expression by qPCR and oxidative/antioxidative markers (malondialdehyde and glutathione content, superoxide dismutase activity) in thyroid gland homogenates were performed. Serum concentration of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) and TSH were assessed by radioimmunoassay. Results. Follicles in the late adult control group were dilated and disrupted. Follicular cells showed cytoplasmic vacuolation. Follicles in the thyroids of senile rats were of irregular shape, often with cellular exfoliations. Many follicles were dilated and lined with flattened cells. A notable amelioration of these morphological alterations was observed in late adult NS-treated rats. Decrease in serum T3 and T4 levels and increase in TSH levels were observed in the late adult control and senile groups. A clear shift of the oxidative/antioxidative markers (MDA/ /GSH, SOD) was observed in the late adult control and senile groups in favor of oxidants. Administration of NS to late adult rats resulted in normalization of these parameters. Increased area of collagen fibers, immunoreactivity of vimentin and cytokeratin filaments and VEGF gene expression were observed in the thyroids of late adult and senile rat groups as compared to young animals. The mean number of follicular cells decreased in the late adult control and senile groups. Administration of NS to the late adult rats returned these parameters to the level of the young adult rats.

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Geriatric thyroidology: An update

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

Clinical features and surgical treatment of thyroid pathology in patients over 65 years

Clinical features and surgical treatment of thyroid pathology in patients over 65 years

Morphological and Functional Changes in the Thyroid Follicles of the Aged Murine and Humans

Age-associated functional morphology of thyroid and its impact on the expression of vimentin, cytokeratins and VEGF. The role of nigella in refinement

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