Germicidal Properties of Silver in Water

Just, J.; Szniolis, A.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1936.tb14510.x

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Recently, silver nitrates and silver sulfadiazine creams have been used for cutaneous wounds 10 and in-line granular activated carbon columns for household drinking water purification utilize immobilized silver metal to prevent growth of adherent bacteria accumulating on the activated carbon. 11 Silver's antimicrobial mode of action is multifaceted. Free, unbound Ag ϩ2 ions disrupt transmembrane energy metabolism reversibly at low concentrations and irreversibly at high concentrations, the former effect being bacteriostatic and the latter bactericidal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of silver-coated fabric to prevent bacterial colonization and subsequent device-based biofilm formation

Klueh

Wagner

Kelly³

et al. 2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

403

233

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Efficacy of silver-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) to prevent bacterial attachment and subsequent infection was quantified in vitro, in both batch- and flowing-fluid experiments. Kinetic analysis of batch suspended cell cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE), at various growth-limiting nutrient concentrations, in the absence of any fabric, indicated a maximum culture growth rate constant micro(max) = 0.78 +/- 0.02 h(-1). Batch experiments for Control fabric samples indicated that SE cultures exhibited about the same suspended cell growth rate (0.72 +/- 0.02 h(-1)) as observed in batch suspended cultures without fabric. Suspended SE cultures in the presence of silver-coated fabric grew at a considerably lower rate, 0.15 +/- 0.01 h(-1), indicating the inhibitory effect of Ag(+2) ion released from the fabric. Growth rates of suspended SE cultures were 5-6 times higher in the fluid phase in contact with the Control fabric compared to cultures exposed to silver-coated fabric. Maximum suspended cell concentrations attained at time = 24 h were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher for Control fabrics vs. silver-coated fabric. In all batch colonization experiments, both live and dead SE bacterial cells accumulate on the surfaces of both silver-coated and Control fabrics. Adherent viable SE cells accumulated to 1-2 orders of magnitude more ( approximately 5 x 10(+8) cells/cm(2)) on Control fabric than SE cells on the silver-coated fabric ( approximately 1.1 x 10(+6) cells/cm(2)), respectively. Between 70-95% SE cells on the Control fabric were viable, while on the silver-coated fabric samples, at 24 h, viable cells were less than 10% of the adherent community (i.e., greater than 90% nonviable cells). In flow cell colonization experiments, SE cells accumulated on Control fabric to a maximum adherent cell concentration of 6 x 10(+7) - 8 x 10(+7) cells/cm(2) by 24 h with the proportion of viable cells remaining relatively constant at 76% throughout an experiment. Both noninvasive microscopic enumeration and destructive assays gave the same results for adherent cell numbers. Using silver-coated fabric, total cells numbers (live + dead) reached a level of approximately 1.1 x 10(+7) - 3.0 x 10(+7) cells/cm(2) after about 6 h and remained constant. However, while the proportion of viable cells initially on the surface was 63-75%, this fraction dropped continuously during each experiment to less than 6% viable cells at 24 h. Regardless of the criteria, the number of viable or nonviable cells attached to silver-coated fabric were significantly lower than on Control fabric.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of silver-coated fabric to prevent bacterial colonization and subsequent device-based biofilm formation

Klueh

Wagner

Kelly³

et al. 2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

403

233

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“…Another interesting paper on sterilization with silver is that of Just and Szniolis (16). They found that silver is effective and that it has a continuing effect on the water mains.…”

Section: Developments In Purification Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment and Purification of Water Progress and Developments During 1936

Hansen

1937

Journal AWWA

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“…It was used for medicinal purposes in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Moreover, Hindu Ayurvedic texts mention the disinfection of water by immersing hot silver into it or by prolonged contact with metallic silver under normal conditions [1]. Until 1800, the use of exclusively metallic silver was documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Silver Accumulation in Tissues of Laboratory Mice after Long-Term Oral Administration of Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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Since ancient times, silver has been known for its pronounced bactericidal, antiviral and fungicidal properties. Currently, nanoparticles of this metal are widely used in the food, light and pharmaceutical industries, as well as in medicine. Silver in any form can have a toxic effect not only on pathogens, but also on healthy cells. The biological activity and bioavailability of silver preparations depend on the degree of their solubility in water. In addition, the maximum permissible concentration of soluble forms of silver is an order of magnitude lower than that of insoluble forms. This makes nanoparticles of silver with a hydrophilic coating that form stable colloidal solutions in aqueous media potentially unsafe objects. In this work, we studied the kinetics of the accumulation of silver nanoparticles with an average size of 34 ± 5 nm stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone in the organs of laboratory C57Bl/6 mice. The administration of nanoparticles was carried out orally for 30, 60, 120 and 180 days at the dose of 50 µg/day/animal. All the mice developed and gained weight normally during the experiment. No adverse effects were observed. Determination of the silver content in biological tissues of mammals was accomplished by neutron activation analysis. The masses and concentrations of silver in the brain and its different sections (hippocampus, cerebellum, cortex and remnants), as well as in the lungs, testes, liver, blood, kidneys, spleen and heart, were determined. The injection times at which the accumulation curves reached saturation were established. An extremely high accumulation of silver in the testes was shown at 120 days of administration, and a significant accumulation of silver in the lungs and brain was observed. The accumulation of silver in all parts of the brain except the cortex was significant, and its trend was similar to that in the whole brain.

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Germicidal Properties of Silver in Water

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

Efficacy of silver-coated fabric to prevent bacterial colonization and subsequent device-based biofilm formation

Efficacy of silver-coated fabric to prevent bacterial colonization and subsequent device-based biofilm formation

Treatment and Purification of Water Progress and Developments During 1936

Kinetics of Silver Accumulation in Tissues of Laboratory Mice after Long-Term Oral Administration of Silver Nanoparticles

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