Gestational Diabetes

Abstract

OBJECTIVE -To assess the relationship between leg length and glucose tolerance in pregnancy.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The leg length and leg-to-height percentage were prospectively determined on 161 glucose-tolerant women during pregnancy and 61 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).RESULTS -Women with GDM were a mean of 2.8 cm shorter than women who were glucose tolerant, due entirely to their leg lengths being a mean of 3.2 cm shorter. With respect to the 2-h result on the glucose tolerance test (GTT), there were negative correlations for height (r ϭ Ϫ0.161, P ϭ 0.017), leg length (r ϭ Ϫ0.266, P Ͻ 0.0005), and the leg-to-height percentage (r ϭ Ϫ0.294, P Ͻ 0.0005). The correlation between the leg-to-height percentage and the 2-h result on the GTT remained significant after adjustment for age (r ϭ Ϫ0.252, P Ͻ 0.0005) and for age and BMI (r ϭ Ϫ0.224, P ϭ 0.001).CONCLUSIONS -Women with GDM are shorter than glucose-tolerant women and have a lower leg-to-height percentage. Consideration of short stature as a risk factor for GDM is not valid without taking into account the leg-to-height percentage.

Short Stature and the Risk of Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes in Middle Age

“…Several studies have established an association between short stature in adulthood and the risk of obesity (9 -11), insulin resistance (11,12), and glucose intolerance (10,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Furthermore, some studies have suggested an association with leg length in particular (9,10,12,22).…”

“…Furthermore, some studies have suggested an association with leg length in particular (9,10,12,22). However, previous studies of anthropometry and glucose metabolism focused only on gestational diabetes (17)(18)(19)22) or used samples of only men (12) or only women (10,11). None used samples of the general U.S. population (9 -22), and many studies did not account for the potentially confounding effects of socioeconomic status (9,11,13-16,18 -20,22) or lifestyle (9,11,14 -22).…”

Emotional Abuse Towards Children by Schoolteachers in Aden Governorate, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Prenatal malnutrition, leading to low birth weight, results in lower subsequent height and lean mass [166]. Short maternal stature is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, macrosomia, and birth injury and shorter gestation [167][168][169]. Among Hmong refugees from the Second Indochina war, children displaced during infancy were shorter as adults, whereas children born during the war were found to have greater adiposity, particularly central adiposity [170].…”

Elevated 1st trimester serum uric acid - a risk for gestational diabetes mellitus among South-Indians: a prospective observational, longitudinal study

“…8 However in uncomplicated pregnancies SUA concentrations significantly fall during early and mid-pregnancy as a consequence of 50% increase in glomerular filtration rate and reduced tubular reabsorption. 9,10 Literatures reviewed suggest controversial results, where in studies report hyper-uricemia as a significant risk factor for GDM and even more so in Asians and in few no significant hyper-uricemia in GDM. [11][12][13][14][15][16] Only one or two such studies on South Indian women have been employed in whom: the food habits, genetics, environmental factors differ from rest of the world and hence an early detection of women at risk of GDM might help in better monitoring.…”