Getting to the bottom of toxocariasis prevention

Morgan, Eric R.; Atenstaedt, Robert; Betson, Martha; Bichard, Jo‐Anne; Cable, Joanne; Pearson, Chris; Roberts, Daniel; Turner, Katherine Mary Elizabeth; Watson, Debbie

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.017

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, studies have repeatedly found that measures to reduce dog fouling, including legislation, education and separation, are only partially effective. [40][41][42][43][44] Good hygiene, meanwhile, especially hand washing after contact with soil and before eating, can reduce risks of egg ingestion by people, but is evidently not followed universally enough to eliminate cases of toxocarosis. Eggs can also reach home environments by carriage on shoes and dogs' paws, expanding the possible routes to people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have found a high frequency of T. cati eggs in public areas, 12 while cats are arguably more likely than dogs to contaminate private gardens and allotments. 57,58 In parallel with efforts to limit pollution of public areas with dog faeces, 43,59 more effective anthelmintic treatment regimens should be prioritised in both dogs and cats to eliminate as far as possible the shedding of Toxocara into public and private environments and resulting zoonotic disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In principle, egg supply from pet dogs to public environments could be eliminated by rigorous removal of dog faeces by their owners. However, studies have repeatedly found that measures to reduce dog fouling, including legislation, education and separation, are only partially effective 40‐44 . Good hygiene, meanwhile, especially hand washing after contact with soil and before eating, can reduce risks of egg ingestion by people, but is evidently not followed universally enough to eliminate cases of toxocarosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WormWatch: Park soil surveillance reveals extensive Toxocara contamination across the UK and Ireland

et al. 2022

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Background: Toxocarosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease, but sources of infection are not well documented over large geographical scales. To determine levels of environmental contamination, soil from 142 parks and recreational areas across the UK and Ireland was assessed for the presence of Toxocara. Methods: Toxocara ova (eggs) were isolated from soil samples by sieving and flotation and then enumerated. Individual eggs were isolated and imaged, and a subset was characterised by species-specific PCR and Sanger sequencing. Results: Characteristic Toxocara-type eggs were found in 86.6% of parks, with an average of 2.1 eggs per 50 g of topsoil. Representative eggs were confirmed as Toxocara canis by Sanger sequencing, with many eggs containing developed larvae, hence being viable and potentially infective. Positive samples were more common, and egg density was higher, in parks with greater perceived levels of dog fouling. Limitations: Samples were collected at a single timepoint and with limited spatial mapping within parks. Further study is needed to discern spatiotemporal differences within parks and recreational areas. Conclusion: Toxocara is widespread in soil in public parks, indicating a need for further efforts to reduce egg shedding from pet dogs. Standardised methods and large-scale surveys are required to evaluate risk factors for egg presence and the impact of interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WormWatch: Park soil surveillance reveals extensive Toxocara contamination across the UK and Ireland

et al. 2022

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Is there any change in the prevalence of intestinal or cardiopulmonary parasite infections in companion animals (dogs and cats) in Germany between 2004-2006 and 2015–2017? An assessment of the impact of the first ESCCAP guidelines

Vrhovec

Alnassan

Pantchev

et al. 2022

Veterinary Parasitology

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Ocular Toxocariasis in Parasitology Consultation in Quindío, Colombia: Description of Cases and Contact Studies

Gómez‐Marín

Londoño

Cabeza-Acevedo

et al. 2020

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

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We report diagnosis, treatment and evolution of cases of ocular toxocariasis in specialized consultation in Quindío, Colombia. No cases were seen during the 2000–17 period, but five cases were confirmed from November 2017 to March 2019; two children resulted with definitive loss of vision on the affected eye. Studies in contacts found that 12 of 19 (63%) family members and 15 of 25 (60%) children <15 years of age living on the same street were positive for IgG Toxocara antibodies. Epidemiological studies are necessaries to establish the reasons for the increase in cases at this region.

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Getting to the bottom of toxocariasis prevention

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

WormWatch: Park soil surveillance reveals extensive Toxocara contamination across the UK and Ireland

WormWatch: Park soil surveillance reveals extensive Toxocara contamination across the UK and Ireland

Is there any change in the prevalence of intestinal or cardiopulmonary parasite infections in companion animals (dogs and cats) in Germany between 2004-2006 and 2015–2017? An assessment of the impact of the first ESCCAP guidelines

Ocular Toxocariasis in Parasitology Consultation in Quindío, Colombia: Description of Cases and Contact Studies

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