Ghrelin Inhibits the Development of Acute Pancreatitis and Nuclear Factor κB Activation in Pancreas and Liver

Zhou, Xiaolei; Xue, Cheng

doi:10.1097/mpa.0b013e3181a86b74

Cited by 54 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The cck mRNA levels decrease by fasting in different fish species (Murashita et al, 2006;Feng et al, 2012;Ji et al, 2015), conversely ghrelin increase mRNA levels by fasting (Amole & Unniappan, 2009;Zhou & Xue, 2009;Tian et al, 2015;Volkoff, 2015;Blanco et al, 2016). These gene expression modulations were not observed in our results.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Comparison of gene expression patterns of key growth genes between different rate growths in zebrafish (Danio rerio) siblings

Opazo¹,

Valladares²,

Romero³

2017

lajar

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ABSTRACT. Variable individual growth rate is a phenomenon observed in fish cohorts that influences the aquaculture performance and fish cohort ecological viability. Our aim was to compare gene expression patterns of key growth genes in zebrafish larvae with different growth rate. The body length of sibling zebrafish larvae at 6 days post hatching (dph) was measured. The larvae were reared to 20 dph and measured again. Two bodylength groups were clearly observed: 4 mm (small larvae) and 5-6 mm (large larvae). Total RNA was isolated from both groups. Growth hormone (gh), growth hormone receptor (ghr), insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1), insulin-like growth factor receptor (igf-1r a/b), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (igfbp-1), thyroglobulin (tg), cholecystokinin (cck), and ghrelin were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Glucokinase (gck) and igfbp-1 were included as a gene expression marker of larvae nutritional status. Two genes showed significant differences between the body length groups, igfbp-1 (P = 0.01) and igf-1r (P = 0.02). The igfbp-1 suggests than growth rate variability was associated with the larvae nutritional status and this condition affect the gene expression pattern of igf-1r. Therefore these genes are interesting genes markers for growth rate variabilities studies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Comparison of gene expression patterns of key growth genes between different rate growths in zebrafish (Danio rerio) siblings

Opazo¹,

Valladares²,

Romero³

2017

lajar

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“…Ghrelin is a newly discovered peptide with various functions, including regulating energy metabolism, promoting cell proliferation [19]. Recent studies have demonstrated that ghrelin attenuates inflammatory injury [13,15,16,20,21]. Okamatsu et al have shown that serum ghrelin level is significantly elevated with liver function index in overweight children [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Attenuated Lipotoxicity via Autophagy Induction and Nuclear Factor-κB Inhibition

Mao

Cheng

et al. 2015

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Autophagy is associated with NAFLD. Ghrelin is a gut hormone with various functions including energy metabolism and inflammation inhibition. We investigated the therapeutic effect of ghrelin on NAFLD and its association with autophagy. Methods: C57bl/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce a model of chronic NAFLD, with ghrelin (10 µg/kg) administrated subcutaneously twice weekly from weeks 6 to 8. LO2 cells were pretreated with ghrelin (10^-8 M) before stimulation with free fatty acid (palmitic and oleic acids; 1 mM). Lipid droplets were identified by hematoxylin and eosin and Red O staining and quantified by triglyceride test kits. LC3I/II, an important biomarker protein of autophagy was detected by western blotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 were detected by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were detected by western blotting. Results: Ghrelin reduced the triglyceride content in high fat diet (HFD) group in vivo and free fatty acid (FFA) group in vitro. TNF-a and IL-6 were significantly reduced in the ghrelin-treated mice compared with the control group. Autophagy induction was accompanied with intracellular lipid reduction in ghrelin-treated mice. Ghrelin upregulated autophagy via AMPK/mTOR restoration and inhibited translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus. Conclusions: The results indicate that ghrelin attenuates lipotoxicity by autophagy stimulation and NF-κB inhibition.

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“…The effect of ghrelin on pro-inflammatory cytokines induction and release has been related, in several studies, to a suppression of the expression and/or activity of the transcription factor NF-jB (Barazzoni et al 2014;Hou et al 2009;Konturek et al 2006;Li et al 2004;Liu et al 2010;Peng et al 2012;Slomiany and Slomiany 2013;Wang et al 2012;Waseem et al 2008;Wu et al 2005;Yuan et al 2009;Zhou and Xue 2009). However, it has been proposed that in some circumstances and with some cell types, ghrelin may act as a pro-inflammatory peptide inducing, rather than reducing, NF-jB expression and proinflammatory IL-8 secretion (Kwan et al 2010;Rezaeian et al 2012;Sung et al 2011;Zhao et al 2006).…”

Section: Ghrelin and Ghs-r1a Mrna Expression And Distribution In The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Gene Products in Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Prodam,

Filigheddu

2014

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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Ghrelin gene products-the peptides ghrelin, unacylated ghrelin, and obestatin-have several actions on the immune system, opening new perspectives within neuroendocrinology, metabolism and inflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidence regarding the less known role of these peptides in the machinery of inflammation and autoimmunity, outlining some of their most promising therapeutic applications.

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Ghrelin Inhibits the Development of Acute Pancreatitis and Nuclear Factor κB Activation in Pancreas and Liver

Abstract: Ghrelin inhibits the development of acute pancreatitis induced by sodium taurocholate. It exerts the therapeutic effects through inhibiting NF-kappaB expression, thereby blocks the inflammatory signal transduction pathway and reduces the release of inflammatory media and cytokines.

Cited by 54 publications

References 37 publications

Comparison of gene expression patterns of key growth genes between different rate growths in zebrafish (Danio rerio) siblings

Comparison of gene expression patterns of key growth genes between different rate growths in zebrafish (Danio rerio) siblings

Ghrelin Attenuated Lipotoxicity via Autophagy Induction and Nuclear Factor-κB Inhibition

Ghrelin Gene Products in Acute and Chronic Inflammation

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