Gibberillin A-3 from the Microscopic Fungus Trichoderma harzianum

Kamalov, L. S.; Turgunov, K. K.; Aripova, S. F.; Abdilalimov, O.

doi:10.1007/s10600-018-2368-1

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the addition of Trp to the growth medium of the fungus induced GA 4 , but not GA 1 , production in both strains. Production of GA 3 has been described in T. harzianum , and accumulation of this phytohormone in combination with IAA has been related to plant growth promotion [ 15 , 19 ]. The production of gibberellic acid by Trichoderma also cooperates with IAA and ACCD in the modulation of defense responses in wheat seedlings [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that T. atroviride , T. virens and T. harzianum produce IAA, T. parareesei produces SA and Trichoderma sp. produces IAA and GA without any inducers, although it is known that their production levels depend on the amount of tryptophan (Trp) present in the medium [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. T. asperellum also releases ABA together with IAA and GA into the culture medium, and its application to cucumber promoted seedling growth and alleviated the effects of salt stress [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytohormone Production Profiles in Trichoderma Species and Their Relationship to Wheat Plant Responses to Water Stress

et al. 2021

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The production of eight phytohormones by Trichoderma species is described, as well as the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase (ACCD) activity, which diverts the ethylene biosynthetic pathway in plants. The use of the Trichoderma strains T. virens T49, T. longibrachiatum T68, T. spirale T75 and T. harzianum T115 served to demonstrate the diverse production of the phytohormones gibberellins (GA) GA1 and GA4, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), auxin (indole-3-acetic acid: IAA) and the cytokinins (CK) dihydrozeatin (DHZ), isopenteniladenine (iP) and trans-zeatin (tZ) in this genus. Such production is dependent on strain and/or culture medium. These four strains showed different degrees of wheat root colonization. Fresh and dry weights, conductance, H2O2 content and antioxidant activities such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase were analyzed, under optimal irrigation and water stress conditions, on 30-days-old wheat plants treated with four-day-old Trichoderma cultures, obtained from potato dextrose broth (PDB) and PDB-tryptophan (Trp). The application of Trichoderma PDB cultures to wheat plants could be linked to the plants’ ability to adapt the antioxidant machinery and to tolerate water stress. Plants treated with PDB cultures of T49 and T115 had the significantly highest weights under water stress. Compared to controls, treatments with strains T68 and T75, with constrained GA1 and GA4 production, resulted in smaller plants regardless of fungal growth medium and irrigation regime.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormone Production Profiles in Trichoderma Species and Their Relationship to Wheat Plant Responses to Water Stress

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, the T. asperellum Q1 strain synthesizing both IAA, GA, and ABA, increased the concentration of these hormones in leaves of cucumber seedlings [201]. The accumulation of GA 3 produced by T. harzianum in a combination with IAA was found to increase the plant growth-promoting effect [216]. Furthermore, the production of GA by the Trichoderma strain was positively correlated with the synthesis of phytohormone IAA and phytoregulator ACC-deaminase [26].…”

Section: The Production Of Gibberellin Phytohormonesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several scientific reports indicate the ability of numerous species from the Trichoderma to synthesize GAs [26,215,216]. After the application of T. koningiopsis isolates, tomato growth was significantly improved, possibly through GA action [215].…”

Section: The Production Of Gibberellin Phytohormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma: The Current Status of Its Application in Agriculture for the Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens and Stimulation of Plant Growth

Tyśkiewicz

Nowak

Ozimek

et al. 2022

IJMS

280

136

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Rhizosphere filamentous fungi of the genus Trichoderma, a dominant component of various soil ecosystem mycobiomes, are characterized by the ability to colonize plant roots. Detailed knowledge of the properties of Trichoderma, including metabolic activity and the type of interaction with plants and other microorganisms, can ensure its effective use in agriculture. The growing interest in the application of Trichoderma results from their direct and indirect biocontrol potential against a wide range of soil phytopathogens. They act through various complex mechanisms, such as mycoparasitism, the degradation of pathogen cell walls, competition for nutrients and space, and induction of plant resistance. With the constant exposure of plants to a variety of pathogens, especially filamentous fungi, and the increased resistance of pathogens to chemical pesticides, the main challenge is to develop biological protection alternatives. Among non-pathogenic microorganisms, Trichoderma seems to be the best candidate for use in green technologies due to its wide biofertilization and biostimulatory potential. Most of the species from the genus Trichoderma belong to the plant growth-promoting fungi that produce phytohormones and the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase enzyme. In the present review, the current status of Trichoderma is gathered, which is especially relevant in plant growth stimulation and the biocontrol of fungal phytopathogens.

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“…There is, however, additional evidence for the proliferation of soil fungi during the K/Pg mass-extinction event. Trichoderma and other soil fungi also produce gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) (Contreras-Cornejo, 2016; Kamalov et al, 2018). In earthworm casts, which contain these common fungi (Parle, 1963;Alauzet et al, 2001), the concentration of GA 3 has been measured at 2000-3000 ppm (Tomati et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for fungal proliferation following the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass-extinction event, based on chemostratigraphy in the Raton and Powder River basins, western North America

Berry¹

2020

Acta Palaeobotanica

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The presence of the amino acid α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) within Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary clay in the Raton and Powder River basins in Colorado and Wyoming, respectively, has been described as compelling evidence that extraterrestrial Aib survived the high-energy Chicxulub impact. Based on contemporary experiments and simulations, however, it is highly unlikely that extraterrestrial Aib survived the impact, which had peak impact pressures and temperatures in excess of 600 GPa and 10,000 K, respectively. In other words, the amino acid signature of the carbonaceous chondritic asteroid that impacted Chicxulub was undoubtedly destroyed upon impact during formation of the vapor plume or so-called “fireball.” The only organisms known to produce Aib are the suite (more than 30 genera) of cosmopolitan saprotrophic filamentous fungi that include Trichoderma Pers., which has recently been hypothesized to have thrived during the K/Pg mass-extinction event. Therefore it is proposed that the Aib horizon in the K/Pg boundary clay in the Raton and Powder River basins correlates with the K/Pg boundary fungal spike, which thus far has only been observed in New Zealand (Southern Hemisphere). This proposition is based upon superimposing the Aib horizon on the well-known iridium and fern-spore spikes, as its stratigraphic position precisely matches that predicted by the fungal spike. If correct, this hypothesis alters the conventional perspective on the tempo and mode of terrestrial ecosystem recovery in western North America, as the heavily sampled K/Pg boundary section in the Raton Basin was instrumental in shaping the traditional narrative of the rapid recolonization of a denuded landscape by ferns via wind-blown spores in the immediate wake of regional deforestation caused by the K/Pg impact event. Perhaps more importantly, it could present an alternative to traditional palynological approaches for locating the fungal spike in other terrestrial K/Pg boundary sections and could provide additional support for the generalization that global mass-extinction events are frequently accompanied by fungal spikes.

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Gibberillin A-3 from the Microscopic Fungus Trichoderma harzianum

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Phytohormone Production Profiles in Trichoderma Species and Their Relationship to Wheat Plant Responses to Water Stress

Phytohormone Production Profiles in Trichoderma Species and Their Relationship to Wheat Plant Responses to Water Stress

Trichoderma: The Current Status of Its Application in Agriculture for the Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens and Stimulation of Plant Growth

Evidence for fungal proliferation following the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass-extinction event, based on chemostratigraphy in the Raton and Powder River basins, western North America

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