Gin Seng and mastalgia.

Palmer, B V; Montgomery, AA; Monteiro, Jordana Casemiro

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6122.1284

Cited by 73 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…This temporal relationship between ginseng ingestion and appearance of estrogen-related symptoms was similar to that in a patient reported by Palmer et al (1978): a 70-year-old woman who developed swollen, tender breasts with diffuse nodularity after taking ginseng powder regularly for 3 weeks. Our patient's clinical improvement after stopping the ginseng supports our speculation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Panax Ginseng: A Newly Identified Cause of Gynecomastia

Kakisaka

Ohara

Tozawa

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Gynecomastia or benign proliferation of the male breast glandular tissue is not uncommon for adolescent males. Its pathogenesis has been attributed to a transient imbalance between estrogens and androgens. Ginseng is a popular herb with a long history of medicinal use. Oriental folk medicine describes it as both a tonic for restoring strength and a panacea. The term "ginseng" generally refers to a plant, Panax ginseng. Based on estrogen-like actions of Panax ginseng due to its structural similarity with estradiol, this agent could be speculated to cause gynecomastia. Here we report a 12-year-old Korean-Japanese boy with bilateral enlargement of the breasts with tenderness in the right breast, which was noticed about 1 month before his first visit to our outpatient clinic. He was diagnosed with gynecomastia based on physical, laboratory, and ultrasound examinations. Detailed questioning about his medications and supplements revealed that he had been given red ginseng extract daily to enhance his performance for 1 month before his clinical presentation. He wanted to make his body stronger as an athlete. He was recommended from his grandmother to take Panax ginseng for his purpose. After stopping this, there was no further growth of the masses and no pain when his right breast was pressed. In conclusion, physicians should consider ginseng in the investigation of gynecomastia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Panax Ginseng: A Newly Identified Cause of Gynecomastia

Kakisaka

Ohara

Tozawa

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Long-term ginseng ingestion was shown to be associated with estrogen-like activity, as evidenced by swollen and painful breasts in one study. 31 We previously demonstrated that topical application of 17b-estradiol increases type I procollagen synthesis by stimulating transforming growth factor-b signaling in aged human skin in vivo. 32 In addition, estrogen and retinoic acid are known to enhance hyaluronic acid synthesis and to prevent skin atrophy, dryness, and…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Ginseng Root Extract Mixed with Torilus Fructus and Corni Fructus Improves Facial Wrinkles and Increases Type I Procollagen Synthesis in Human Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Cho

Won

Lee

et al. 2009

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Red ginseng contains many bioactive constituents, including various ginsenosides that are believed to have antioxidant, immunostimulatory, and anti-aging activities. Yet, no controlled human study has explored its effects on photoaged skin. This study determined whether long-term intake of a red ginseng extract-containing Torilus fructus and Corni fructus mixture reduces facial wrinkles and increases collagen synthesis in human skin. Healthy female volunteers over 40 years of age were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive either red ginseng extract-containing herbal mixture at 3 g=day or placebo for 24 weeks. Facial wrinkles, elasticity, epidermal water content, erythema, and pigmentation were measured objectively. Facial skin samples were taken before and after treatment, and real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analyses were undertaken for expression of type I procollagen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and fibrillin-1, which are wrinkle-related biochemical markers. A total of 82 subjects completed the study. Facial wrinkles were significantly improved, type I procollagen gene and protein expression was increased, MMP-9 gene induction was prevented, and fibrillin-1 fiber length was elongated only in the treatment group. No changes were seen in the facial elasticity, epidermal water content, facial erythema and pigmentation, and epidermal thickness in either group. Thus a red ginseng extractcontaining Torilus fructus and Corni fructus mixture improves facial wrinkles, a clinical sign of photoaging, and this improvement is associated with biochemical and histological evidence of increased collagen synthesis in the dermis. These results substantiate the alleged beneficial effects of red ginseng on photoaging and support its use as an effective ''beauty food.'' KEY WORDS: aging dietary supplement matrix metalloproteinase red ginseng

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“…Alguns relatos de casos sugerem que o ginseng possui atividade semelhante aos hormônios estrogênicos (Palmer et al, 1978;Punnonen & Lukola, 1980;Greenspan, 1983). Devido a esse possível efeito estrogênico, deve-se evitar o uso de medicamentos à base de ginseng em pacientes com câncer de mama, sangramento vaginal anormal não diagnosticado, trombofl ebite ativa, distúrbios tromboembólicos e em gestantes (Micromedex, 2006).…”

Section: Estrogêniosunclassified

Interações entre fármacos e medicamentos fitoterápicos à base de ginkgo ou ginseng

Alexandre¹,

Bagatini²,

Simões³

2008

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO:Os medicamentos fi toterápicos são amplamente utilizados, principalmente, pelos portadores de doenças crônicas e em associações medicamentosas com diversos fármacos. As possíveis interações entre eles estão sendo muito estudadas, pois podem alterar os perfi s de efi cácia e segurança de muitos fármacos. Nesta revisão, as informações foram localizadas, avaliadas e sistematizadas e contêm as principais interações entre fármacos e medicamentos fi toterápicos elaborados com ginkgo ou ginseng. Verifi cou-se que os medicamentos fi toterápicos elaborados com tais plantas podem interferir na farmacocinética e/ou farmacodinâmica de diversos fármacos, podendo provocar conseqüências graves aos pacientes. O ginkgo pode interferir com anticoagulantes orais, antiplaquetários e com fármacos metabolizados pelo sistema P450-CYP3A4. O ginseng pode interagir com antidepressivos inibidores da monoamino oxidase, anticoagulantes orais, anti-hipertensivos, e contraceptivos à base de estrogênios. Além disso, não é recomendada a administração concomitante de ginkgo ou ginseng com antineoplásicos. Nesse sentido, o uso concomitante de medicamentos fi toterápicos à base de ginkgo ou ginseng com outros fármacos deve ser adequadamente monitorado. Unitermos: Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng, ginkgo, ginseng, interações medicamentosas.ABSTRACT: "Interactions between drugs and ginkgo or ginseng herbal medicines". Herbal medicines are widely used especially by patients with chronic diseases, often administered concomitantly with synthetic drugs, raising the potential of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug-herb interactions. From the last years, there is an increasing interest in this subject refl ected by the great number of documented case reports, in vivo studies, and also clinical trials evaluating drug-herb interactions. The aim of this paper was to review the literature in order to identify reported interactions between ginkgo or ginseng herbal medicines and drugs as well as to evaluate and summarize these information. Interactions between ginkgo or ginseng herbal medicines and drugs can occur and may lead to serious consequences. Ginkgo has the potential to cause signifi cant interactions with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs, and also with drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, especially by CYP3A4. Ginseng has the potential to cause signifi cant interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, warfarin, antihypertensive agents and estrogens. Additionally, both should be avoided with anticancer drugs. Based on these data and regarding patient's safety, the concomitant use of herbal medicines and drugs has to be properly surveyed by physicians and/or other health care professionals.Keywords: Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng, ginkgo, ginseng, drug-herb interactions. INTRODUÇÃOA utilização de plantas medicinais e medicamentos fi toterápicos para a recuperação da saúde é uma prática generalizada, sendo o resultado do acúmulo secular de conhecimentos empíricos sobre a ação dos vegetais por diversos grupos étnicos (Simõe...

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Gin Seng and mastalgia.

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Panax Ginseng: A Newly Identified Cause of Gynecomastia

Panax Ginseng: A Newly Identified Cause of Gynecomastia

Red Ginseng Root Extract Mixed with Torilus Fructus and Corni Fructus Improves Facial Wrinkles and Increases Type I Procollagen Synthesis in Human Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Interações entre fármacos e medicamentos fitoterápicos à base de ginkgo ou ginseng

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