Gingerol, a Natural Antioxidant, Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Downstream Complications

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is seen in approximately 68 percent of patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit (ICU). In many acute circumstances, such as myocardial infarction, brain, injury and stroke, it is an independent predictor of mortality. Hyperglycemia is induced by a mix of genetic, environmental, and immunologic variables in people with type 1 diabetes. These factors cause pancreatic beta cell death and insulin insufficiency. Insulin resistance and irregular insulin production cause hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients. Hyperglycemia activates a number of complicated interconnected metabolic processes. Hyperglycemia is a major contributor to the onset and progression of diabetes’ secondary complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cataracts, periodontitis, and bone and joint issues. Studies on the health benefits of ginger and its constituent’s impact on hyperglycemia and related disorders have been conducted and gingerol proved to be a potential pharmaceutically active constituent of ginger (Zingiber officinale) that has been shown to lower blood sugar levels, because it possesses antioxidant properties and it functions as an antioxidant in the complicated biochemical process that causes hyperglycemia to be activated. Gingerol not only helps in treating hyperglycemia but also shows effectivity against diseases related to it, such as cardiopathy, kidney failure, vision impairments, bone and joint problems, and teeth and gum infections. Moreover, fresh ginger has various gingerol analogues, with 6-gingerol being the most abundant. However, it is necessary to investigate the efficacy of its other analogues against hyperglycemia and associated disorders at various concentrations in order to determine the appropriate dose for treating these conditions.

Exploring the protective effects of herbal monomers against diabetic retinopathy based on the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis: A review

“…[ 68 ] Gingerol is a beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1. [ 69 ] It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a plant metabolite. [ 70 , 71 ] FA is a ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively on the phenyl ring.…”

In vivo protective effects of 6‑gingerol in cerebral ischemia involve preservation of antioxidant defenses and activation of anti‑apoptotic pathways

“…Moreover, several studies have demonstrated that 6-gingerol and its analogues have strong antioxidant activity. This is exerted via multiple mechanisms, including the scavenging of free radicals, oxidative stress reduction and enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity (19,(29)(30)(31)(32). These properties enable 6-gingerol to protect against oxidative damage in various tissues and organs, such as the brain, kidneys, heart and colon (32).…”

acute complication among diabetic patients in critical care unit

“…(Abdulaziz Radhi, 2022) Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) who have hyperglycemia have a higher chance of developing renal failure, polyneuropathy, and death from their injuries. (Alharbi et al, 2022). In this study was aimed to assessment of the complications of diabetic patients in critical care units.…”