Gingival tissue antibody gene utilization in aging and periodontitis

Abstract

Objective This study used a nonhuman primate model of ligature‐induced periodontitis to document the characteristics of immunoglobulin (Ig) gene usage in gingival tissues with disease and affected by age. Background Adaptive immune responses to an array of oral bacteria are routinely detected in local gingival tissues and the systemic circulation across the human population. The level and diversity of antibody increases with periodontitis, reflecting the increased quantity of B cells and plasmacytes in the tissues at sites of periodontal lesions. Methods Macaca mulatta (n = 36) in four groups (young – ≤3 years; adolescent >3–7 years; adult – 12–15 years; aged – 17‐23 years) were used in this study. Gingival tissues were sampled at baseline (health), 2 weeks (initiation), 1 and 3 months (progression), and 5 months (resolution) of the lesion development and transcriptomic analysis included 78 Ig‐related genes. Results The results demonstrated extensive variation in Ig gene usage patterns and changes with the disease process that was substantially affected by the age of the animal. Of note was that the aged animals generally demonstrated elevated expression on multiple Ig genes even in the baseline/healthy gingival tissues. The expression levels revealed 5 aggregates of Ig gene change profiles across the age groups. The number of gene changes were greatly increased in adult animals with the initiation of disease, while the young and adolescent animals showed extensive changes with disease progression. Elevated Ig gene transcripts remained with disease resolution except in the aged animals. The response profiles demonstrated selective heavy/light change gene transcripts that differed with age and clustering of the transcript expression was dominated by the age of the animals. Conclusions The results suggested potential critical variations in the molecular aspects of Ig gene expression in gingival tissues that can contribute to understanding the kinetics of periodontal lesions, as well as the variation in episodes, rapidity of progression, and role in resolution that are impacted by age.

Identification and validation of a classifier based on hub aging-related genes and aging subtypes correlation with immune microenvironment for periodontitis

“…Therefore, potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets are in sore need. Accumulating evidence confirmed the indispensable role of aging in both innate and adaptive immune reactions (58)(59)(60). It is reasonable to suspect that aging must own substantial effects on regulating the PD immune microenvironment.…”

Ageing-Associated Transcriptomic Alterations in Peri-Implantitis Pathology: A Bioinformatic Study

“…We downloaded the peri-implantitis (PI) microarray datasets GSE33774 [ 17 ] and GSE106090 [ 20 ] from the GEO database ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ) and selected PI-related samples. Next, we downloaded ageing-related gene expression datasets GSE83382 and GSE180588 [ 21 ]. We selected gingival tissue samples associated with ageing, where the GSE83382 comprised high throughput sequencing data and the GSE180588 comprised microarray data.…”

Mucosal circadian rhythm pathway genes altered by aging and periodontitis

“…All of these were obtained from distinct unique sites at each time point. In the ligation model, differences in BOP and PPD in health, during disease initiation and progression, and with resolution in these age groups have been described previously [ 35 ]. All animals demonstrated significant increases in BOP within 0.5 months (0.6±0.1 to 3.8±0.1; mean±SEM), with somewhat elevated levels in the younger age groups.…”