Ginkgo for elderly people with dementia and age-associated memory impairment: a randomized clinical trial

Exploring the neuroprotective effects of ginkgolides injection in a rodent model of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury by GC–MS based metabolomic profiling

“…Ginkgolides, a set of diterpene lactone compounds, were extracted from Ginkgo biloba L. and have been found to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities on various neurological disorders, such as ischemic stroke [4], dementia [5], Alzheimer's disease [6], depression [7] and Parkinson's disease [8]. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist action is one of the main mechanisms of ginkgolides [9].…”

Neuroprotective effect of Ginkgo biloba L. extract in a rat model of Parkinson's disease

“…EGb 761 is a standardized leaf extract from a single type of tree Ginkgo biloba and has been reported to be an antioxidative agent and neuroprotective in a variety of conditions such as ischaemia (Chandrasekaran et al, 2001), oxidative stress (Oyama et al, 1996) and β-amyloid-induced toxicity (Bastianetto et al, 2000). Clinically, the effects of Ginkgo extracts have been tested in a variety of neurological disturbances, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia (Dongen et al, 2003). In the present study, the effects of EGb 761 on 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and behavioural deficit was investigated to evaluate the possible usefulness of this extract in PD.…”

Ginkgolide B reduces neuronal cell apoptosis in the hemorrhagic rat brain: Possible involvement of Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway

“…biloba extracts such as EGb-761 have been suggested to have a multitude of beneficial effects on central nervous system function, from enhancing cognitive function in dementia to facilitating recovery from acute forms of neural damage (Attella et al, 1989;van Dongen et al, 2000van Dongen et al, , 2003Clark et al, 2001;Vellas et al, 2006;Andrieu et al, 2008;Fang et al, 2010;Ihl et al, 2010). Since the EGb-761 contains many compounds including ginkgolides, it is not clear which of these compounds provide the protective effect and its mechanism remains to be studied.…”

“…Since the development of this extract in 1964, its effects on an extensive range of disorders and diseases have been investigated. Most notably, these include cerebral insufficiency, dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, and traumatic brain injury (Attella et al, 1989;van Dongen et al, 2000van Dongen et al, , 2003Clark et al, 2001;Vellas et al, 2006;Andrieu et al, 2008;Fang et al, 2010;Ihl et al, 2010). G. biloba extracts contain flavonoid and terpenoid substances.…”