Ginseng modifies the diabetic phenotype and genes associated with diabetes in the male ZDF rat

Banz, William J.; Iqbal, Muhammad Javed; Bollaert, Michael; Chickris, Nicole; James, Bryce; Higginbotham, D. Allan; Peterson, Richard G.; Murphy, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2007.06.003

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with the well-defined effects of PPARg agonist on adipocytes and abdominal adipose tissue redistribution (Chawla et al 1994, Kelly et al 1999. Similar to this study, in ZDF rats, shortterm treatments with rosiglitazone (5-11 weeks) increase body weight by 40-50% while reducing food intake (Banz et al 2007, Shoghi et al 2009). The weight gain is largely due to increased body fat (Banz et al 2007) and is associated with increased expression of genes encoding GLUT4, fatty acid synthase, and lipoprotein lipase, and also with improved glucose uptake and utilization and decreased fatty acid utilization and oxidation (Shoghi et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similar to this study, in ZDF rats, shortterm treatments with rosiglitazone (5-11 weeks) increase body weight by 40-50% while reducing food intake (Banz et al 2007, Shoghi et al 2009). The weight gain is largely due to increased body fat (Banz et al 2007) and is associated with increased expression of genes encoding GLUT4, fatty acid synthase, and lipoprotein lipase, and also with improved glucose uptake and utilization and decreased fatty acid utilization and oxidation (Shoghi et al 2009). These changes are consistent with reduced blood glucose levels, elimination of glucosuria, and augmented fat tissue formation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Diabetic nephropathy and long-term treatment effects of rosiglitazone and enalapril in obese ZSF1 rats

Bilan¹,

Salah²,

Bastacky³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Yet the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of DN are not fully defined, partially due to lack of suitable models that mimic the complex pathogenesis of renal disease in diabetic patients. In this study, we describe early and late renal manifestations of DN and renal responses to long-term treatments with rosiglitazone or high-dose enalapril in ZSF1 rats, a model of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and chronic renal disease. At 8 weeks of age, obese ZSF1 rats developed metabolic syndrome and diabetes (hyperglycemia, glucosuria, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) and early signs of renal disease (proteinuria, glomerular collagen IV deposition, tubulointerstitial inflammation, and renal hypertrophy). By 32 weeks of age, animals developed renal histopathology consistent with DN, including mesangial expansion, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis, tubular dilation and atrophy, and arteriolar thickening. Rosiglitazone markedly increased body weight but reduced food intake, improved glucose control, and attenuated hyperlipidemia and liver and kidney injury. In contrast, rosiglitazone markedly increased cardiac hypertrophy via a blood pressure-independent mechanism. High-dose enalapril did not improve glucose homeostasis, but normalized blood pressure, and nearly prevented diabetic renal injury. The ZSF1 model thus detects the clinical observations seen with rosiglitazone and enalapril in terms of primary and secondary endpoints of cardiac and renal effects. This and previous reports indicate that the obese ZSF1 rat meets currently accepted criteria for progressive experimental diabetic renal disease in rodents, suggesting that this may be the best available rat model for simulation of human DN.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Diabetic nephropathy and long-term treatment effects of rosiglitazone and enalapril in obese ZSF1 rats

Bilan¹,

Salah²,

Bastacky³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Enhances phosphorylation of AMPK and GLUT4 [101][102][103] 69 Passiflora nitida Passifloraceae Alloxan-diabetic mice Inhibits metabolic syndrome [104] 70…”

Section: Cornus Officinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mangifera indica 3β-taraxerol [91] 17 Olea europaea Triterpenoids [98] 18 Ophiopogon japonicas Polysaccharide [99] 19 Opuntia dillenii Polysaccharides [100] 20 Panax ginseng Ginsenosides [101,102] 21 Pongamia pinnata Karanjin [106] 22 Prosopis glandulosa Diavite™ [108] 23…”

Section: Echinacea Purpureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity

Eddouks¹,

Bidi²,

Bouhali³

et al. 2014

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Background Globally, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate. This chronic pathology gravely troubled the human health and quality of life. Both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance are involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Moreover, insulin resistance is being diagnosed nowadays in a growing population of diabetic and obese patients, especially in industrialized societies. There are lots of conventional agents available to control and to treat diabetes, but total recovery from this disorder has not been reported up to this date. Plants provided a potential source of hypoglycemic drugs and are widely used in several traditional systems of medicine to prevent diabetes. A few reviews with less attention paid to mechanisms of action have been published on antidiabetic plants. Objectives The present review focuses on the various plants that have been reported to be effective in improving insulin sensitivity associated with diabetes. Key findings In this work, an updated systematic review of the published literature has been conducted to review the antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity and 111 medicinal plants have been reported to have a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity using several in-vitro and in-vivo animal models of diabetes. Conclusion The different metabolic and cellular effects of the antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity are reported indicating the important role of medicinal plants as potential alternative or complementary use in controlling insulin resistance associated with diabetes mellitus.

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“…A prime example is ginseng, which is widely consumed to boost the immune system, as well as provide resistance to stress and fatigue. 1 Ginseng constitutes a family of herbs in which the primary species are Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius. P. ginseng (more commonly known as Asian ginseng) is widely considered to be an adaptogen, mental stimulant and general wellness tonic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the adipocyte inflammomodulatory pathways activated by North American ginseng

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND: North American (NA) ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a popular natural health product (NHP) that has been demonstrated to regulate immune function, inflammatory processes and response to stress and fatigue. Recent evidence suggests that various extracts of NA ginseng may have different bioactivities because of distinct profiles of ginsenosides and polysaccharides. To date, the bioactive role of ginseng on adipocytes remains relatively unexplored. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this work was to study the extract-specific bioactivity of NA ginseng on differentiated preadipocyte gene expression and adipocytokine secretion. METHODS: In vitro differentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with 25 and 50 mg ml À 1 of either crude ethanol (EtOH) or aqueous (AQ) NA ginseng extracts, or polysaccharide and ginsenoside extracts isolated from the AQ extract. Global gene expression was studied with microarrays and the resulting data were analyzed with functional pathway analysis. Adipocytokine secretion was also measured in media. RESULTS: Pathway analysis indicated that the AQ extract, and in particular the polysaccharide extract, triggered a global inflammomodulatory response in differentiated preadipocytes. Specifically, the expression of Il-6 (interleukin 6), Ccl5 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5), Nfkb (nuclear factor-kappaB) and Tnfa (tumor necrosis factor alpha) was increased. These effects were also reflected at the protein level through the increased secretion of IL-6 and CCL5. No effect was seen with the EtOH extract or ginsenoside extract. Using a specific toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor reduced the upregulation of inflammatory gene expression, indicating the relevance of this pathway for the signaling capacity of NA ginseng polysaccharides. CONCLUSION: This work emphasizes the distinct bioactivities of different ginseng extracts on differentiated preadipocyte signaling pathways, and highlights the importance of TLR4 for mediating the inflammomodulatory role of ginseng polysaccharides.

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Ginseng modifies the diabetic phenotype and genes associated with diabetes in the male ZDF rat

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

Diabetic nephropathy and long-term treatment effects of rosiglitazone and enalapril in obese ZSF1 rats

Diabetic nephropathy and long-term treatment effects of rosiglitazone and enalapril in obese ZSF1 rats

Antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity

Unraveling the adipocyte inflammomodulatory pathways activated by North American ginseng

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