Ginsenoside Rg1 Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Prevents Carcinogen‐Induced Breast Tumorigenesis in Sprague Dawley Rats

Chu, Yan; Zhang, Wentao; Kanimozhi, G.; Brindha, G.; Tian, Defu

doi:10.1155/2020/8886955

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The animals were palpated regularly to assess the changes in the mammary tissue. The number of death and the time of death in each group were reported [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐(benzylidene)‐2‐((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (1‐2) (NCHDH and NTHDH) attenuate DMBA‐induced breast cancer via Nrf2/NF‐κB/apoptosis signaling

Khan

Shal

et al. 2022

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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The present study investigated the effect of the N-(benzylidene)-2-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (1-2) (NCHDH and NTHDH) against breast cancer using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The NCHDH and NTHDH significantly inhibited the growth of the MCF-7 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatment significantly inhibited the tumor size, tumor weight, and tumor volume, while it enhanced the survival and tumor free survival rate following 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)induced breast cancer. The NCHDH and NTHDH markedly attenuated the oxidative stress markers and induced the antioxidant level. The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed significant reduction in the inflammatory cytokines production compared with the DMBA control. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatment significantly improved the histological features using hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining, Masson's trichrome, PAS (periodic acid Schiff), and Toluidine blue staining compared with the DMBA-induced group. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatment improved the hematological and serological parameters following DMBA-induced breast tumor compared with DMBA-induced group. Furthermore, the NCHDH and NTHDH treatment significantly enhanced the antioxidants signaling proteins such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). The NCHDH and NTHDH enhanced the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) level, while it attenuated the NF-κB level. Similarly, the NCHDH and NTHDH showed marked increase in the apoptosis proteins such as Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Bcl-2 Associated X-protein (Bax), while it inhibited the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression. In conclusion, the NCHDH and NTHDH significantly improved the DMBA-induced breast cancer via attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines.

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“…The animals were palpated regularly to assess the changes in the mammary tissue. The number of death and the time of death in each group were reported [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐(benzylidene)‐2‐((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (1‐2) (NCHDH and NTHDH) attenuate DMBA‐induced breast cancer via Nrf2/NF‐κB/apoptosis signaling

Khan

Shal

et al. 2022

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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“…Ginsenoside Rg1 (C 42 H 72 O 14 , Rg1, Figure 1A ) is one of the bioactive constituents of ginseng ( 17 ). Rg1 has strong pharmacological activity and has been discovered to have a beneficial effect on the treatment of various diseases, such as obesity ( 18 ), type 2 diabetes ( 19 ), nonalcoholic fatty liver ( 20 ), cancer ( 21 ), hyperlipidemia ( 22 ), acute lung injury ( 23 ), nephritis ( 24 ), and arthritis ( 25 ). A wide range of studies has disclosed the pharmacological effect of Rg1 on UC ( 17 , 26 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Rg1 Alleviates Acute Ulcerative Colitis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Microbial Tryptophan Metabolism

et al. 2022

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorder in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we examined the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rg1, a natural compound with low bioavailability, on the acute experimental colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and explored underlying mechanisms. Acute UC was induced in C57BL/6 mice by 2.5% DSS for 7 days, meanwhile, 2 mg/10 g b.w. ginsenoside Rg1 was administrated to treat the mice. Body weight, colon length, colon tissue pathology, and colon tissue inflammatory cytokines were assessed. The composition structure of gut microbiota was profiled using 16s rRNA sequencing. Global metabolomic profiling of the feces was performed, and tryptophan and its metabolites in the serum were detected. The results showed that Rg1 significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colonic injury and colonic inflammation. In addition, Rg1 also partly reversed the imbalance of gut microbiota composition caused by DSS. Rg1 intervention can regulate various metabolic pathways of gut microbiota such as valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and vitamin B6 metabolism and the most prominent metabolic alteration was tryptophan metabolism. DSS decreased the levels of tryptophan metabolites in the serum, including indole-3-carboxaldehyde, indole-3-lactic acid, 3-indolepropionic acid, and niacinamide and Rg1 can increase the levels of these metabolites. In conclusion, the study discovered that Rg1 can protect the intestinal barrier and alleviate colon inflammation in UC mice, and the underlying mechanism is closely related to the regulation of gut microbiota composition and microbial tryptophan metabolism.

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“…Ginsenoside Rg1 Ginsenoside Rg1 is an effective anti-cancer component in total ginsenosides ( Li J. et al, 2014 ). It is reported that ginsenoside Rg1 decreases cell viability, inhibits cell proliferation, induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) thereby drives apoptosis of BC cells ( Chu et al, 2020 ). In details, ginsenoside Rg1 induces apoptosis by generating ROS of BC cells ( Chu et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Anti-breast Cancer Activity Of Ginsenosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-cancer effect and potential microRNAs targets of ginsenosides against breast cancer

et al. 2022

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Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumor, the incidence of which has increased worldwide in recent years. Ginsenosides are the main active components of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that ginsenosides have significant anti-cancer activity, including BC. It is reported that ginsenosides can induce BC cells apoptosis, inhibit BC cells proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as autophagy and angiogenesis, thereby suppress the procession of BC. In this review, the therapeutic effects and the molecular mechanisms of ginsenosides on BC will be summarized. And the combination strategy of ginsenosides with other drugs on BC will also be discussed. In addition, epigenetic changes, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) targeted by ginsenosides in the treatment of BC are clarified.

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Ginsenoside Rg1 Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Prevents Carcinogen‐Induced Breast Tumorigenesis in Sprague Dawley Rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 64 publications

N‐(benzylidene)‐2‐((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (1‐2) (NCHDH and NTHDH) attenuate DMBA‐induced breast cancer via Nrf2/NF‐κB/apoptosis signaling

N‐(benzylidene)‐2‐((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (1‐2) (NCHDH and NTHDH) attenuate DMBA‐induced breast cancer via Nrf2/NF‐κB/apoptosis signaling

Ginsenoside Rg1 Alleviates Acute Ulcerative Colitis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Microbial Tryptophan Metabolism

Anti-cancer effect and potential microRNAs targets of ginsenosides against breast cancer

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