Glaciotectonized quaternary sediments at Dinas Dinlle, Gwynedd, North Wales, and their bearing on the style of deglaciation in the Eastern Irish Sea

Harris, Charles; Williams, G. D.; Brabham, Peter; Eaton, G. P.; McCarroll, Danny

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(96)00050-9

Cited by 64 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Research on glacitectonic structures also provides information on, and allows elucidation of, the nature of ice-marginal sedimentation and dynamics during glacial cycles (e.g. van der Wateren, 1986van der Wateren, , 1995Croot, 1988: Aber et al, 1989Benn and Evans, 1993;Harris et al, 1997;Phillips et al, 2002;Hiemstra et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures in subglacial and proglacial sediments: understanding faults, folds and fabrics, and the influence of water on the style of deformation

Phillips

Merritt

Auton

et al. 2007

Quaternary Science Reviews

104

120

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Macroscopic field and micromorphological studies have been carried out on subglacially and proglacially deformed glacigenic sequences at a number of sites throughout Scotland, UK. Examination of microstructures (folds, faults, hydrofractures, plasmic fabrics) aided understanding of the deformation histories preserved in the sediments, but a similar range of structures were developed in both subglacial and proglacial settings. Discrimination between subglacial and proglacial deformation was only possible when micromorphological data was used in conjunction with larger-scale field observations. Variations in lithology and water content were controlling factors influencing the style and apparent intensity of deformation recorded. Changes in pore-water content and pressure during deformation can lead to liquefaction and hydrofracturing, with early formed structures locally controlling the pattern of water-escape. Liquefaction can also lead to homogenisation of the sediments and the destruction of earlier deformation structures, even at relatively low strains. Beds or zones of liquefied sand and silt may form highly 'lubricated' detachments within the sediment pile, resulting in a marked reduction in the amount of shear transmitted to underlying units. A multidisciplinary approach, involving sedimentological, geomorphological, stratigraphical and structural field observations, combined with micromorphological analysis, is recommended to confidently unravel the glacitectonic history and depositional environment of most deformed glacigenic sedimentary sequences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures in subglacial and proglacial sediments: understanding faults, folds and fabrics, and the influence of water on the style of deformation

Phillips

Merritt

Auton

et al. 2007

Quaternary Science Reviews

104

120

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“…Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 124, 753-777. PRE-PROOF ACCEPTEF MANUSCRIPT.2 Hart, 1990;Van der Wateren, 1995;Harris et al, 1997;Phillips et al, 2002;Wilson, 2002;Thomas and Chiverrell, 2007;Johnson et al, 2013). Previously, they have been considered as providing a visible record of a maximum extent of glacier advance, although many now consider them to provide a more dynamic record of glacier retreat (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

A polyphase glacitectonic model for ice-marginal retreat and terminal moraine development: the Middle Pleistocene British Ice Sheet, northern Norfolk, UK

Lee

Phillips

Booth

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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Recent investigations from modern environments demonstrate that many terminal moraines do not simply record a single glacial maximum, but instead reveal a complex pattern of ice-marginal behaviour including polyphase retreat. Within this study, we examine the geomorphology, geology and internal structure of a terminal moraine complex -the 'Cromer Ridge' in north Norfolk to reconstruct patterns of ice-marginal behaviour. Previously, this landform was interpreted as the limit of a southern extension of the British Ice Sheet during a Middle Pleistocene glaciation. Evidence presented here reveals a more complicated pattern of ice-marginal behaviour with the 'Cromer Ridge' reinterpreted as a 'complex' comprising several ridge elements. We propose that the maximum ice extent lay further to the south, with the size and morphology of the largest ridge element (the 'Cromer Ridge' as previously defined) a facet of thrust-stacking at an ice-marginal stillstand. We recognise multiple oscillations of the ice-front recorded against a twelve-stage model for the decay of the southern margins of a fast-flowing lobe of North Sea ice. Changes in ice-marginal dynamics are identified by the superimposition and lateral and vertical evolution of glacitectonic styles. Differences between these various states, and switches between 'shallow' and 'deep' thinskinned glacitectonics, are strongly influenced by sub-marginal and proglacial water availability. Examination of the evidence for the morphostratigraphic proposals for the glacitectonic assemblage, within the context of the above interpretation, suggests that many of the 'glacigenic landforms' are erosional and a MIS 12 age of formation is favored although several anomalies remain to be explained. IntroductionTerminal moraines are an important landform within the glacial landsystem and are widely recognised within both contemporary (Boulton et al., 1996(Boulton et al., , 1999Bennett, 2001; Evans and Twigg, 2002; Evans, 2005;Benediktsson et al., 2010) and relict glacial environments (van der Meer, 1987; Lee, J.R., Phillips, E., Booth, S.J., Rose, J., Jordan, H.M., Pawley, S.M., Warren, M., Lawley, R.S. 2013. A polyphase glacitectonic model for ice-marginal retreat and terminal moraine development: the Middle Pleistocene British Ice Sheet, northern Norfolk, UK. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 124, 753-777. PRE-PROOF ACCEPTEF MANUSCRIPT.2 Hart, 1990;Van der Wateren, 1995;Harris et al., 1997;Phillips et al., 2002;Wilson, 2002;Thomas and Chiverrell, 2007;Johnson et al., 2013). Previously, they have been considered as providing a visible record of a maximum extent of glacier advance, although many now consider them to provide a more dynamic record of glacier retreat (e.g. Thomas, 1984;Thomas et al., 2004;Thomas and Chiverrell, 2007;Lüthgens and Böse, 2011; Clark et al., 2012).The formation of terminal moraines typically involves the complex interplay between ice-marginal to sub-marginal sedimentation and glacitectonics; the latter including proglacial and sub-margina...

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“…Bakker, 2004) and seismic methods (e.g. Harris et al, 1997;Kulessa et al, 2007) provide suitable companion techniques, as they examine different geophysical properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst ground penetrating radar (Bakker, 2004;Bennett et al, 2004) and to a lesser extent seismic techniques (Harris et al, 1997;Kulessa et al, 2007), have been used to image the structure of glacial landforms in both modern-day and Pleistocene settings, ERT has only recently been utilised (Kulessa et al, 2007, Hiemstra et al, 2008. ERT has been employed in this study to map lateral and vertical material changes within the moraine and to investigate whether or not bedrock is present.…”

Section: Geophysical Imaging -Electrical Resistivity Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

A morphological, sedimentological and geophysical investigation of the Woore Moraine, Shropshire, England

Parkes¹,

Waller²,

Knight³

et al. 2009

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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Glaciotectonized quaternary sediments at Dinas Dinlle, Gwynedd, North Wales, and their bearing on the style of deglaciation in the Eastern Irish Sea

Cited by 64 publications

References 20 publications

Microstructures in subglacial and proglacial sediments: understanding faults, folds and fabrics, and the influence of water on the style of deformation

Microstructures in subglacial and proglacial sediments: understanding faults, folds and fabrics, and the influence of water on the style of deformation

A polyphase glacitectonic model for ice-marginal retreat and terminal moraine development: the Middle Pleistocene British Ice Sheet, northern Norfolk, UK

A morphological, sedimentological and geophysical investigation of the Woore Moraine, Shropshire, England

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