Glandular elements around the intrahepatic bile ducts in man; their morphology and distribution in normal livers

Terada, Tadashi; Nakanuma, Yasuni; Ohta, Goroku

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1987.tb00308.x

Cited by 115 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Peribiliary glands composed of branched tubuloalveolar seromucinous glands are found around the extrahepatic and intrahepatic large bile ducts of humans at all ages [1,[6][7][8][9][10] . These glands communicate with bile duct lumens through their own conduits [6][7][8] and are relatively dense in the hilar bile ducts, cystic duct and periampullary region [7][8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Participation of peribiliary glands in biliary tract pathophysiologies

Igarashi

Sato²,

Ren³

et al. 2013

WJH

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AIM:To investigate the roles of peribiliary glands around the bile ducts in the pathophysiology of the biliary tract. METHODS:The expression of fetal pancreatic markers, pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1 (PDX1) and hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1) and endodermal stem/progenitor (S/P) cell markers [CD44s, chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), SOX9 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)] were examined immunohistochemically in 32 normal adult livers (autopsy livers) and 22 hepatolithiatic livers (surgically resected livers). The latter was characterized by the proliferation of the peribiliary glands. Immunohistochemistry was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections after deparaffinization. Although PDX1 and HES1 were expressed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of epithelial cells, only nuclear staining was evaluated. SOX9 was expressed in the nucleus, while CD44s, CXCR4 and EpCAM were expressed in the cell membranes. The frequency and extent of the expression of these molecules in the lining epithelia and peribiliary glands were evaluated semi-quantitatively based on the percentage of positive cells: 0, 1+ (focal), 2+ (moderate) and 3+ (extensive). ORIGINAL ARTICLE RESULTS:In normal livers, PDX1 was infrequently expressed in the lining epithelia, but was frequently expressed in the peribiliary glands. In contrast, HES1 was frequently expressed in the lining epithelia, but its expression in the peribiliary glands was focal, suggesting that the peribiliary glands retain the potential of differentiation toward the pancreas and the lining epithelia exhibit properties to inhibit such differentiation. This unique combination was also seen in hepatolithiatic livers. The expression of endodermal S/P cell markers varied in the peribiliary glands in normal livers: SOX9 and EpCAM were frequently expressed, CD44s infrequently, and CXCR4 almost not at all. The expression of these markers, particularly CD44s and CXCR4, increased in the peribiliary glands and lining epithelia in hepatolithiatic livers. This increased expression of endodermal S/P cell markers may be related to the increased production of intestinal and gastric mucin and also to the biliary neoplasia associated with the gastric and intestinal phenotypes reported in hepatolithiasis. CONCLUSION:The unique expression pattern of PDX1 and HES1 and increased expression of endodermal S/P cell markers in the peribiliary glands may be involved in biliary pathophysiologies. Core tip: Immunohistochemical analysis showed that pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1 was more frequently expressed in the peribiliary glands than epithelia lining the bile duct and was accompanied by the reciprocal expression pattern of hairy and enhancer of be central to normal tissue turnover and injury repair, and may play key roles in the pathophysiology of several biliary tract diseases [12] . In hepatolithiasis, the peribiliary glands proliferate markedly, secrete large amounts of mucin into the bile duct lumen [14,15] and may be involved in stone fo...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These glands communicate with bile duct lumens through their own conduits [6][7][8] and are relatively dense in the hilar bile ducts, cystic duct and periampullary region [7][8][9][10] . They secrete several substances such as lactoferrin and lysozyme [7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of peribiliary glands in biliary tract pathophysiologies

Igarashi

Sato²,

Ren³

et al. 2013

WJH

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“…It is a precursor structure of future intrahepatic bile ducts and intrahepatic peribiliary glands [3]. The ductal plate undergoes remodeling by apoptosis and cell proliferation [4], leading to immature bile ducts in late fetal life [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolobar Hepatobiliary Fibropolycystic Disease

Terada

Moriki

2010

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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We herein report a case of monolobar hepatobiliary fibropolycystic disease. A 75-year-old woman presented with heartburn. Imaging modalities including US, CT, and MRI revealed marked atrophy and multiple biliary cysts of the hepatic left lobe. The hepatic right lobe was normal. ERCP and bile duct endoscopy revealed anomalous pancreaticobiliary union, choledochal dilation, dilation of left intrahepatic bile ducts, and small choledochal non-invasive adenocarcinoma. Polycystic kidney diseases were absent. The patient underwent pancreatico-duodenectomy and extended hepatic left lobectomy. Grossly, the hepatic left lobe was markedly atrophic, and studded with numerous biliary cysts. The left intrahepatic bile ducts were dilated (Caroli's disease) and the common bile duct showed type I choledochal dilation. The right hepatic lobe was normal. Histologically, the hepatic left lobe was replaced by fibroelastosis. The intrahepatic bile ducts showed ductal plate malformation such as irregular contours, invaginations, and protrusions. The numerous biliary cysts also showed ductal plate malformation. There were numerous persistent ductal plates and microhamartomas. Many hyalinized destructive biliary cysts and ductal plates were recognized. The liver parenchyma was scant and free of hepatocellular malformations. The portal veins showed old obliterative portal thrombosis. The right hepatic lobe was normal. Immunohistochemically, the biliary cells were positive for cytokeratin 7, 8, 18 and 19, and MUC6 and CD10, but negative for MUC2 and MUC5AC. The biliary cysts, persistent ductal plate, and microhamartomas were positive for fetal apomucin antigen MUC1.

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“…[1,2] Mucicarmine and colloidal iron stains were negative. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain showed a little glycogen.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%