Glaucocalyxin A: a review

Xiang, Zhaobao; Wu, Xinzhou; Liu, Xingyu; Jin, Yong‐Sheng

doi:10.1080/14786419.2014.934235

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nowadays, much effort has been focused on the discovering of natural products as effective supplements or even substitutes to those currently used antithrombotic drugs [ 30 ]. These natural products, composing of natural plants [ 31 – 33 ], traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) [ 34 , 35 ], and functional foods [ 36 – 38 ] as well as some special animal materials [ 39 ], have been found to possess remarkable antithrombotic property both in experimental and clinical stages. It is known to all that TCMs have a long history for treating many kinds of human diseases including thrombotic diseases and blood stasis syndromes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products for Antithrombosis

Chen

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Thrombosis is considered to be closely related to several diseases such as atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and stroke, as well as rheumatoid arthritis, hyperuricemia, and various inflammatory conditions. More and more studies have been focused on understanding the mechanism of molecular and cellular basis of thrombus formation as well as preventing thrombosis for the treatment of thrombotic diseases. In reality, there is considerable interest in the role of natural products and their bioactive components in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis related disorders. This paper briefly describes the mechanisms of thrombus formation on three aspects, including coagulation system, platelet activation, and aggregation, and change of blood flow conditions. Furthermore, the natural products for antithrombosis by anticoagulation, antiplatelet aggregation, and fibrinolysis were summarized, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products for Antithrombosis

Chen

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…The pharmacological mechanism of GLA has been studied mostly in platelets and cancer cell lines, uncovering its role in regulating platelet activation, cell death, redox signaling, and inflammation. Previous evidence shows that GLA inhibits platelet activation and thrombosis via the GPVI-dependent pathway [ 13 , 14 ]. Nevertheless, the role of GLA in cardiac protection remains largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, excessive calcium accumulation in cardiomyocytes promotes cardiac hyper-contracture, depletion of energy reservoir, and ER stress-mediated cell apoptosis [ 31 ]. Interestingly, GLA has been demonstrated to maintain cytoplasmic calcium levels in lymphocytes [ 14 ]. These findings suggest that GLA may counteract RI through inhibition of apoptosis, but GLA is known to induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines [ 32 – 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hara was traditionally used for the management of gastrointestinal disease, inflammation, and tumors in Asian folk medicine. Initially isolated from this perennial herb in the early 1990s, a diterpenoid compound named glaucocalyxin A (GLA) was shown to have therapeutic effect in ischemic disease, leukemia, neurodegenerative disorders, and breast cancer [ 14 ]. We recently reported that GLA inhibits platelet activation and aggregation, with minimal bleeding risk [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glaucocalyxin A Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Suppression of Microvascular Thrombosis

Liu

Wang³

et al. 2016

Med Sci Monit

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the cardio-protective roles of glaucocalyxin A (GLA) in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and to explore the underlying mechanism.Material/MethodsMyocardial ischemia-reperfusion in wild-type C57BL/6J mice was induced by transient ligation of the left anterior descending artery. GLA or vehicle (solvent) was administrated intraperitoneally to the mice before reperfusion started. After 24 h of myocardial reperfusion, ischemic size was revealed by Evans blue/TTC staining. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and microvascular thrombosis was assessed by immunofluorescence staining of affected heart tissue. We also measured the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, P-GSK-3β, and cleaved caspase 3 in the myocardium.ResultsCompared to the solvent-treated control group, GLA administration significantly reduced infarct size (GLA 13.85±2.08% vs. Control 18.95±0.97%, p<0.05) and improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (GLA 53.13±1.11% vs. Control 49.99±1.25%, p<0.05) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (28.34±0.71% vs. Control 25.11±0.74%, p<0.05) in mice subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. GLA also attenuated microvascular thrombosis (P<0.05) and increased the phosphorylation of pro-survival kinase AKT (P<0.05) and GSK-3β (P<0.05) in the myocardium upon reperfusion injury.ConclusionsAdministration of GLA before reperfusion ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. The cardio-protective roles of GLA may be mediated through the attenuation of microvascular thrombosis.

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“…) are two active ent ‐kauranoid diterpenoids, serving as quantitative markers for the quality control of this herb. They have shown a multitude of biological activities, including anti‐inflammation, antitumor, anti‐thrombus, anti‐neuroinflammation and antiplatelet (Gan et al, ; Gao, Zhang, Yang, Wang, & Wang, ; Kim et al, ; Xiang, Wu, Liu, & Jin, ; Xiao et al, ; Yang et al, ; Yang, Cao, Zhang, You, & Zhu, ). Based on the the above‐described pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics studies of the two diterpenoids can therefore be helpful for assessing reasonable usage of R. japonica and other Chinese medicinal preparations containing this herb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rat plasma by LC‐MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Rabdosia japonica extract

Huang

Guan

2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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A specific and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the analysis of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rat plasma using praeruptorin A as an internal standard. Separation was performed on a Hypurity C column (2.1 × 50 mm, 5 μm) with isocratic elution using 0.2% formic acid in water-acetonitrile (20:80, v/v). Mass spectrometric detection was conducted using selected reaction monitoring via an electrospray ionization source. Both analytes exhibited good linearity within their concentration ranges (r > 0.9932). The lower limit of quantitation of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B was 1.10 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day precision exhibited an RSD within 14.5%, and the accuracy (RE) ranged from -12.1 to 15.0% at the lower limit of quantitation and three quality control levels. The developed assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rats after oral administration of Rabdosia japonica extract.

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Glaucocalyxin A: a review

Cited by 42 publications

References 25 publications

Natural Products for Antithrombosis

Natural Products for Antithrombosis

Glaucocalyxin A Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Suppression of Microvascular Thrombosis

Simultaneous determination of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rat plasma by LC‐MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Rabdosia japonica extract

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