Glial and Axonal Pathology in Multiple Sclerosis

Robinson-Agramonte, Maria de los Angeles; González‐Quevedo, Alina; Gonçalves, Carlos Alberto

doi:10.5772/38317

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 156 publications

(81 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This cytokine induces the release of IL-6 and synergizes with IL-1β to mediate the autoimmune mechanism [47]. In this line of findings, the peripheral upregulation of IL-17 and IL-1β observed in this study could suggest their role in the neurotoxicity reported in autism, supported by an autoimmune mechanism, similar to those reported in other neurodegenerative disorders like multiple sclerosis [48]. Specific associated EEG patterns are used to classify different epilepsy syndromes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Peripheral Inflammatory Markers Contributing to Comorbidities in Autism

Jácome

Chacón

Cuesta

et al. 2016

Behavioral Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study evaluates the contribution of peripheral biomarkers to comorbidities and clinical findings in autism. Seventeen autistic children and age-matched typically developing (AMTD), between three to nine years old were evaluated. The diagnostic followed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition (DMS-IV) and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was applied to classify the severity. Cytokine profile was evaluated in plasma using a sandwich type ELISA. Paraclinical events included electroencephalography (EEG) record. Statistical analysis was done to explore significant differences in cytokine profile between autism and AMTD groups and respect clinical and paraclinical parameters. Significant differences were found to IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-12p40, and IL-12p70 cytokines in individuals with autism compared with AMTD (p < 0.05). All autistic patients showed interictalepileptiform activity at EEG, however, only 37.5% suffered epilepsy. There was not a regional focalization of the abnormalities that were detectable with EEG in autistic patients with history of epilepsy. A higher IL-6 level was observed in patients without history of epilepsy with interictalepileptiform activity in the frontal brain region, p < 0.05. In conclusion, peripheral inflammatory markers might be useful as potential biomarkers to predict comorbidities in autism as well as reinforce and aid informed decision-making related to EEG findings in children with Autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%