Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Rat Brain and in Radial Glia Culture Is Delayed by Prenatal Ethanol Exposure

Vallés, Soraya L; Sancho‐Tello, María; Miñana, Rosa; Climent, Eva; Renau‐Piqueras, Jaime; Guerri, Consuelo

doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67062425.x

Cited by 74 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In summary, the present findings and previous resuits (Vallés et al, 1996) demonstrate that chronic ethanol exposure during fetal development alters the differentiation of radial glial cells and their transformation into astrocytes and that these changes are associated with important alterations in the gene expression, organization, and content of GFAP in astroglial cells.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

“…After washing, membranes were set up for autoradiography at -70°Cwith Amersham Hyperfilm-MP and a Cronex Lightning-Plus intensifying screen. The autoradiograms were quantified by densitometric scanning with a laser densitometer (Ultrascan, LKB) (Vallés et al, 1996).…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Northern Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously shown that whereas GFAP mRNA is first detected in rats on fetal day 15 and its content increases on fetal day 21, in utero alcohol exposure delays the appearance of GFAP mRNA and decreases significantly the GFAP expression in fetal brain and in primary culture of radial glia (Vallés et al, 1996). The present study extends these results and demonstrates that chronic ethanol exposure during fetal development decreases the GFAP expression in the brains of alcohol-exposed pups during postnatal development and in astroglial cells in primary culture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Ethanol Exposure Affects Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Expression and Transcription During Rat Brain Development

Vallés¹,

Pitarch²,

Renau‐Piqueras

et al. 1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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106

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Exposure to ethanol during fetal development reduces the astroglial-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and its mRNA levels in brains of fetal rats and in radial glia in primary culture, affecting the proliferation and differentiation of astrocytes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the possible effect of ethanol on GFAP mRNA levels in astrocytes and to investigate the molecular mechanism(s) involved in ethanol-induced changes in GFAP expression by analyzing the GFAP transcription rate, GFAP mRNA stability, and GFAP DNA methylation. We show here that prenatal exposure to ethanol reduces significantly GFAP immunoreactivity and its mRNA levels in both astrocytes in primary culture and brains of pups from alcohol-fed mothers. Runoff experiments from nuclei of astrocytes indicate that ethanol exposure decreases GFAP transcription rate significantly and reduces GFAP mRNA stability slightly. DNA methylation analysis indicates that prenatal ethanol exposure induces a hypermethylated state of the GFAP DNA in fetal brains. Methylation-mediated repression of GFAP transcription could be a mechanism involved in ethanolinduced reduction of GFAP expression. Ethanol-induced alterations in GFAP expression and astroglial development may underlie the CNS dysfunctions observed after prenatal alcohol exposure. Key Words: Prenatal ethanol exposure-Brain development-Astrocytes in cultureGlial fibrillary acidic protein-Vimentin-mRNA-Transcription-Runoff-mRNA stability-Methylation-Fetal alcohol syndrome.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Rna Extraction and Northern Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Ethanol Exposure Affects Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Expression and Transcription During Rat Brain Development

Vallés¹,

Pitarch²,

Renau‐Piqueras

et al. 1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

Self Cite

106

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“…The pre-natal exposure to ethanol is responsible for a series of fetal disturbances and malformations, which could result in severe anatomy-physiological effects in the newborn characterizing a disease known as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (Shetty et al, 1992;Miller, 1993;Valles et al, 1996;VelezDomingues;Aversi-Ferreira et al, 2004;Aversi-Ferreira & Nascimento). This syndrome is characterized by microencephaly, loss of selectivity of neuronal cells, decrease on the density of projections, cell death, aberrations in migration, among others (Miller;Valles et al;Liesi, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This syndrome is characterized by microencephaly, loss of selectivity of neuronal cells, decrease on the density of projections, cell death, aberrations in migration, among others (Miller;Valles et al;Liesi, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Study of Acute Effects of Ethanol on Midbrain of Wistar Rats Associated with the Date of Birth of Neurons in Encephalon

et al. 2009

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SUMMARY:The verification of the acute effects of ethanol on the midbrain, which neurons are mainly formed in E14, will ratify if the acute effects of ethanol are associated, in terms of prevalence, to the date of birth of neurons in certain regions of the brain. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of acute exposure to ethanol on the neuronal density of the midbrain and to associate these results with acute effects of ethanol in other regions of the brain under the same conditions. The rats were treated with intraperitoneal ethanol during one day (E12) and 1h after the last ethanol injection was applied to BrdU. The animals were sacrificed; the brains were removed and sectioned. The sections were treated with DAB for the BrdU revelation, the slides were stained with safranin for one group and another group was stained with H & E. The effects of acute injection of ethanol in E12 on the midbrain were not detected in this study. Data from literature suggest that the deleterious action of acute ethanol consumption only occur if the drug is injected at times near the beginning of the migration of neurons in that particular region of the brain.

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Impact of Ethanol on the Developing GABAergic System

Isayama

Leite

Lima

et al. 2009

The Anatomical Record

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Alcohol intake during pregnancy has a tremendous impact on the developing brain. Embryonic and early postnatal alcohol exposures have been investigated experimentally to elucidate the fetal alcohol spectrum disorders' (FASD) milieu, and new data have emerged to support a devastating effect on the GABAergic system in the adult and developing nervous system. GABA is a predominantly inhibitory neurotransmitter that during development excites neurons and orchestrates several developmental processes such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and synaptogenesis. This review summarizes and brings new data on neurodevelopmental aspects of the GABAergic system with FASD in experimental telencephalic models. Anat Rec, 292:1922Rec, 292: -1939Rec, 292: , 2009. Key words: GABA; developing brain; prenatal ethanol exposure; cortical neurons; ganglionic eminence THE DEVELOPING TELENCEPHALONThe central nervous system develops in a programmed order, following subsequent steps. Because of the cellular diversity and complexity throughout its laminar and areal structure, the cerebral cortex is a good model for studying developmental events. After closure of the neural tube, progenitor cells located near its lumen (ventricular zones) start to proliferate intensely, first to increase progenitor pool and then to originate postmitotic cells (Rakic, 1988). The destination of proliferating cells is largely influenced by their mitotic spindle rotation during metaphase and their cleavage plane during Abbreviations used: ARBD ¼ alcohol-related birth defects; ARND ¼ alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders; BDNF ¼ brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BrdU ¼ bromodeoxyuridine;

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Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Rat Brain and in Radial Glia Culture Is Delayed by Prenatal Ethanol Exposure

Cited by 74 publications

References 36 publications

Ethanol Exposure Affects Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Expression and Transcription During Rat Brain Development

Ethanol Exposure Affects Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Expression and Transcription During Rat Brain Development

Immunohistochemical Study of Acute Effects of Ethanol on Midbrain of Wistar Rats Associated with the Date of Birth of Neurons in Encephalon

Impact of Ethanol on the Developing GABAergic System

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