Global alcohol exposure estimates by country, territory and region for 2005—a contribution to the <scp>C</scp>omparative <scp>R</scp>isk <scp>A</scp>ssessment for the 2010 <scp>G</scp>lobal <scp>B</scp>urden of <scp>D</scp>isease <scp>S</scp>tudy

Shield, Kevin D.; Rylett, Margaret; Gmel, Gerhard; Gmel, Gerrit; Kehoe-Chan, Tara A. K.; Rehm, Jürgen

doi:10.1111/add.12112

Cited by 125 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Alcohol use, another major factor of lifestyle, is also prevalent in established market economies, e.g., in the U.S. over 51% of people over the age of 18 years are regular drinkers (2) but not in Southeast Asia where lifetime abstention from alcohol is prevalent, reaching up to 90% (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Vascular Complications and Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVEModerate alcohol consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of mortality and coronary artery disease. The relationship between cardiovascular health and alcohol use in type 2 diabetes is less clear. The current study assesses the effects of alcohol use among participants in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe effects of alcohol use were explored using Cox regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. The study end points were cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke), microvascular complications (new or worsening nephropathy or retinopathy), and all-cause mortality. RESULTSDuring a median of 5 years of follow-up, 1,031 (9%) patients died, 1,147 (10%) experienced a cardiovascular event, and 1,136 (10%) experienced a microvascular complication. Compared with patients who reported no alcohol consumption, those who reported moderate consumption had fewer cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.83; 95% CI 0.72-0.95; P = 0.008), less microvascular complications (aHR 0.85; 95% CI 0.73-0.99; P = 0.03), and lower all-cause mortality (aHR 0.87; 96% CI 0.75-1.00; P = 0.05). The benefits were particularly evident in participants who drank predominantly wine (cardiovascular events aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.95, P = 0.01; all-cause mortality aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.95, P = 0.02). Compared with patients who reported no alcohol consumption, those who reported heavy consumption had dose-dependent higher risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONSIn patients with type 2 diabetes, moderate alcohol use, particularly wine consumption, is associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.

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The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Vascular Complications and Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2014

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“…23 In addition, we relied on subjects to tell us accurately how much they spend on alcohol each week, although we were able to validate these data to some extent against calculations based on a drinking diary. Our data confirm that patients with liver disease who drink at harmful levels consume very cheap alcohol -a median of 33p/cl compared with the cheapest alcohol, which was 29p/cl for 7.5% alcohol by volume (ABV) cider.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of minimum price per unit of alcohol on patients with liver disease in the UK

et al. 2014

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The slow epidemic of liver disease in the UK over the past 30 years is a result of increased consumption of strong cheap alcohol. When we examined alcohol consumption in 404 subjects with a range of liver disease, we confi rmed that patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis drank huge amounts of cheap alcohol, with a mean weekly consumption of 146 units in men and 142 in women at a median price of 33p/unit compared with £1.10 for low-risk drinkers. For the patients in our study, the impact of a minimum unit price of 50p/unit on spending on alcohol would be 200 times higher for patients with liver disease who were drinking at harmful levels than for low-risk drinkers. As a health policy, a minimum unit price for alcohol is exquisitely targeted at the heaviest drinkers, for whom the impact of alcohol-related illness is most devastating.

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“…El consumo de alcohol es responsable del 3,8% de la mortalidad general y la tercera causa de mortalidad prematura y discapacidad, contribuyendo a un 4,5% del total de años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (DALYs) 1 .…”

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Patrones de consumo de alcohol en España: un país en transición

Galán

González

Valencia-Martín³

2014

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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Rev Esp Salud Pública 2014; 88:529-540. N.º4 Julio-Agosto 2014 RESUMEN Fundamentos: El modo en el que se consume alcohol en los países mediterráneos se encuentra en proceso de transición. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir los patrones de consumo en la población adulta española según las principales características sociodemográficas.Métodos: Estudio transversal con participantes de 15 años y más utlizando como fuente de información la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (ENS) 2011-2012 (n=20.608). Según la ingesta promedio de alcohol, se clasificó como de alto riesgo el consumo ≥40 g/día de alcohol en hombres o ≥24 g/día en mujeres. Se definió binge drinking el consumo de ≥6 bebidas estándar de alcohol (hombres) y ≥5 (mujeres) en 4-6 horas durante los últi-mos 12 meses. Se estimó la preferencia de bebida y la tendencia 1987-2012 (ENS respectivas). Se analizó su distribución con variables sociodemográficas mediante modelos ajustados de regresión logística.Resultados: El 1,3% de los sujetos encuestados fueron bebedores promedio de alto riesgo (2% de hombres y 0,7% de mujeres). En hombres fue más frecuente entre los 45-64 años (odds ratio (OR)=2,92 respecto a 15-29 años; IC 95%:1,59-5,38) y en los sujetos nacidos en España (OR=3,45; IC 95%: 1,59-7,69). En mujeres se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas según el nivel educativo, incrementándose a medida que aumentaba éste (p tendencia lineal <0,001). El 19,6% de hombres y 7,1% y de mujeres realizaron binge drinking en el último año. Este patrón disminuyó con la edad y se incrementó con el nivel de estudios en ambos sexos (p tendencia lineal <0,001). La prevalencia estandarizada de bebedores promedio de alto riesgo descendió desde un 18,8% en 1987 hasta el 1,3% en 2012.Conclusiones: El consumo de alcohol en España es compatible con el modelo de países en transición, donde el binge drinking es el que más contribuye al riesgo global. Se observa un importante descenso del consumo promedio de alto riesgo. La cerveza desplaza al vino como bebida preferente. Background: Alcohol consumption in Mediterranean countries is in a transition period. The objective is to describe in the Spanish adult population the pattern of alcohol consumption by major sociodemographic variables. Methods:A cross-sectional study among 20,608 individuals aged ≥15 years who participated in the Spanish Health Interview Survey (ENS) 2011-2012. According to average intake, people were classified as heavy drinkers if they drank ≥40 g/day of alcohol (men) or ≥24 g/day (women). Binge drinking was defined as the consumption of ≥6 standard drinks (men) and ≥5 (women) at any drinking occasion (4-6 hours) in the last year. The beverage preference and the trend for 1987-2012 (ENS of these years) were estimated. The relationship of the distribution of drinking patterns with sociodemographic variables was analyzed using adjusted logistic regression models. Results:The prevalence of heavy drinkers was 1.3% (2% in men and 0.7% in women). In men, heavy drinking was more frequent among 45 to 64 yea...

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Global alcohol exposure estimates by country, territory and region for 2005—a contribution to the Comparative Risk Assessment for the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study

Abstract: Just over 40% of the world's adult population consumes alcohol and the average consumption per drinker is 17.1 litres per year. However, the prevalence of abstention, level of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking vary widely across regions of the world.

Cited by 125 publications

References 41 publications

The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Vascular Complications and Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Vascular Complications and Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Impact of minimum price per unit of alcohol on patients with liver disease in the UK

Patrones de consumo de alcohol en España: un país en transición

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