Global and diffuse shortwave irradiance during a strong desert dust episode at Granada (Spain)

Antón, Manuel; Valenzuela, Abel; Cazorla, A.; Gil, J. E.; Fernández‐Gálvez, J.; Lyamani, H.; Foyo-Moreno, I.; Olmo, F.J.; Alados-Arboledas, L.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.07.007

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The influence of maritime aerosols is notable at the El Arenosillo, Cabo da Roca, and Évora sites (see also, e.g., Bennouna et al, 2011;Obregón et al, 2012). Furthermore, desert dust events are shown to be common in the Iberian Peninsula, with a higher occurrence at the Granada and El Arenosillo sites (the two closest points to the African continent and hence to the Saharan desert) (see also Toledano et al, 2007b;GuerreroRascado et al, 2009;Antón et al, 2012). For instance, the minimum values of α obtained for the Granada station during summer months are linked to the higher likelihood of desert dust events because they are sometimes associated with high aerosol loads (Córdoba-Jabonero et al, 2011).…”

Section: Analysis Of Aerosol Properties Over the Iberian Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol radiative effects in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral ranges using long-term aerosol data series over the Iberian Peninsula

et al. 2014

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Abstract.A better understanding of aerosol radiative properties is a crucial challenge for climate change studies. This study aims at providing a complete characterization of aerosol radiative effects in different spectral ranges within the shortwave (SW) solar spectrum. For this purpose, longterm data sets of aerosol properties from six AERONET stations located in the Iberian Peninsula (southwestern Europe) have been analyzed in terms of climatological characterization and inter-annual changes. Aerosol information was used as input for the libRadtran model in order to determine the aerosol radiative effect (ARE) at the surface in the ultraviolet (ARE UV ), visible (ARE VIS ), near-infrared (ARE NIR ), and the entire SW range (ARE SW ) under cloudfree conditions. Over the whole Iberian Peninsula, yearly aerosol radiative effects in the different spectral ranges were found to be −1.1 < ARE UV < −0.7, −5.7 < ARE VIS < −3.5, −2.6 < ARE NIR < −1.6, and −8.8 < ARE SW < −5.7 (in W m −2 ). Monthly means of ARE showed a seasonal pattern with larger values in spring and summer. The aerosol forcing efficiency (AFE), ARE per unit of aerosol optical depth, has also been evaluated in the four spectral ranges. AFE exhibited a dependence on single scattering albedo as well as a weaker one on the Ångström exponent. AFE is larger (in absolute value) for small and absorbing particles. The contributions of the UV, VIS, and NIR ranges to the SW efficiency varied with the aerosol types. The predominant aerosol size determined the fractions AFE VIS /AFE SW and AFE NIR /AFE SW . The AFE VIS was the dominant contributor for all aerosol types, although non-absorbing large particles caused more even contribution of VIS and NIR intervals. The AFE UV / AFE SW ratio showed a higher value in the case of absorbing fine particles.

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Section: Analysis Of Aerosol Properties Over the Iberian Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol radiative effects in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral ranges using long-term aerosol data series over the Iberian Peninsula

et al. 2014

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“…Toledano et al, 2007;Cachorro et al, 2008;Rascado et al, 2008Rascado et al, , 2009Antón et al, 2012) and Portugal (e.g. Wagner et al, 2009).…”

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Aerosol radiative forcing during African desert dust events (2005–2010) over Southeastern Spain

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The daily (24 h) averages of the aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) at the surface and the top of the atmosphere (TOA) were calculated during desert dust events over Granada (southeastern Spain) from 2005 to 2010. A radiative transfer model (SBDART) was utilized to simulate the solar irradiance values (0.31-2.8 µm) at the surface and TOA, using as input aerosol properties retrieved from CIMEL sun photometer measurements via an inversion methodology that uses the sky radiance measurements in principal plane configuration and a spheroid particle shape approximation. This inversion methodology was checked by means of simulated data from aerosol models, and the derived aerosol properties were satisfactorily compared against well-known AERONET products. Good agreement was found over a common spectral interval (0.2-4.0 µm) between the simulated SBDART global irradiances at surface and those provided by AERONET. In addition, simulated SBDART solar global irradiances at the surface have been successfully validated against CM-11 pyranometer measurements. The comparison indicates that the radiative transfer model slightly overestimates (mean bias of 3 %) the experimental solar global irradiance. These results show that the aerosol optical properties used to estimate ARF represent appropriately the aerosol properties observed during desert dust outbreak over the study area. The ARF mean monthly values computed during desert dust events ranged from −13 ± 8 W m −2 to −34 ± 15 W m −2 at surface, from −4 ± 3 W m −2 to −13 ± 7 W m −2 at TOA and from +6 ± 4 to +21 ± 12 W m −2 in the atmosphere. We have checked if the differences found in aerosol optical properties among desert dust sectors translate to differences in ARF. The mean ARF at surface (TOA) were −20 ± 12 (−5 ± 5) W m −2 , −21 ± 9 (−7 ± 5) W m −2 and −18 ± 9 (−6 ± 5) W m −2 for sector A (northern Morocco; northwestern Algeria), sector B (western Sahara, northwestern Mauritania and southwestern Algeria), and sector C (eastern Algeria, Tunisia), respectively. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test revealed that daily ARF values at TOA for sector A were significantly different from the other two sectors, likely as a result of the lower values of single scattering albedo obtained for sector A. The mean values of aerosol radiative forcing efficiency at surface (TOA) were −74 ± 12 W m −2 (−17 ± 7 W m −2 ) for sector A, −70 ± 14 W m −2 (−20 ± 9 W m −2 ) for sector B, and −65 ± 16 W m −2 (−22 ± 10 W m −2 ) for sector C, and thus comparable between the three sectors in all seasons.

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“…Particularly, in the Mediterranean basin aerosol properties are characterized by a great complexity, due to the presence of different types of aerosols such as maritime aerosols from the Mediterranean Sea itself, biomass burning aerosols from forest fires, anthropogenic aerosols transported from European and North African urban areas, mineral dust originated from north African arid areas, and anthropogenic particles emitted from the intense ship traffic in the Mediterranean Sea (e.g., Lelieveld et al, 2002;Barnaba and Gobbi, 2004;Lyamani et al, 2005Lyamani et al, , 2006aPapadimas et al, 2008;Viana et al, 2009;Pandolfi et al, 2011;Alados-Arboledas et al, 2011;Becagli et al, 2012;Valenzuela et al, 2012a, b;Mallet et al, 2013). Past studies revealed that the aerosol load and the aerosol direct radiative effect over the Mediterranean are among the highest in the world, especially in summer (e.g., Lelieveld et al, 2002;Markowicz et al, 2002;Papadimas et al, 2012;Antón et al, 2012).…”

Section: H Lyamani Et Al: Aerosol Properties Over the Western Meditmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol properties over the western Mediterranean basin: temporal and spatial variability

et al. 2015

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Abstract. This study focuses on the analysis of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) aerosol data obtained over Alborán Island (35.90 • N, 3.03 • W, 15 m a.s.l.) in the western Mediterranean from July 2011 to January 2012. Additional aerosol data from the three nearest AERONET stations (Málaga, Oujda and Palma de Mallorca) and the Maritime Aerosol Network (MAN) were also analyzed in order to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of aerosol over this scarcely explored region. High aerosol loads over Alborán were mainly associated with desert dust transport from North Africa and occasional advection of anthropogenic fine particles from central European urban-industrial areas. The fine particle load observed over Alborán was surprisingly similar to that obtained over the other three nearest AERONET stations, suggesting homogeneous spatial distribution of fine particle loads over the four studied sites in spite of the large differences in local sources. The results from MAN acquired over the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and Atlantic Ocean from July to November 2011 revealed a pronounced predominance of fine particles during the cruise period.

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Global and diffuse shortwave irradiance during a strong desert dust episode at Granada (Spain)

Cited by 47 publications

References 62 publications

Aerosol radiative effects in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral ranges using long-term aerosol data series over the Iberian Peninsula

Aerosol radiative effects in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral ranges using long-term aerosol data series over the Iberian Peninsula

Aerosol radiative forcing during African desert dust events (2005–2010) over Southeastern Spain

Aerosol properties over the western Mediterranean basin: temporal and spatial variability

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