Global Change Impact in the Sierra Nevada Long‐Term Ecological Research Site (Southern Spain)

Zamora, Regino; Pérez‐Luque, Antonio J.; Bonet, Francisco Javier; Barea‐Azcón, José Miguel; Aspizua, Rut; Sánchez-Gutiérrez, Francisco Javier; Cano-Manuel, Francisco Javier; Ramos‐Losada, Blanca

doi:10.1002/bes2.1308

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Biosphere Reserve is a Long-Term Ecological Research site established 10 years ago (Zamora et al, 2016(Zamora et al, , 2017, our dataset compliments many others on biodiversity, climate, ecosystem services, hydrology, land-use changes and management practices in the area. This further increases the value of the data to the scientific community, since it makes now possible to explore the relationships between previous biodiversity and environmental data with the ecosystem functional data that we provide (section 4 in the manuscript).…”

Section: Discussion Papermentioning

confidence: 76%

Response to referee 2 comments on “A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)” by Beatriz P. Cazorla et al.

Cazorla¹

2020

Preprint

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Many thanks for your correspondence regarding our data description paper entitled "A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)". We thank you for all your constructive comments, which provided valuable insights to improve the conceptual and methodological robustness of our data and our manuscript.

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Section: Discussion Papermentioning

confidence: 76%

Response to referee 2 comments on “A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)” by Beatriz P. Cazorla et al.

Cazorla¹

2020

Preprint

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“…For each oak population, we obtained the values of 30 environmental variables selected to represent different direct and indirect gradients important for plant distribution [46,47]: temperature, water availability, topography, solar radiation, and land-use (Table 2). Observed climate data (1960-2010) from 43 meteorological stations 50 km around Sierra Nevada, compiled by Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory [21], were used as input to compute high resolution (100 × 100 m pixel-size) climate maps [48] based on the mapping method proposed by Ninyerola et al [49]. Seasonal and annual maps with the averages of direct solar radiation and insolation time were computing using the GIS GRASS module r.sun [50,51].…”

Section: Environmental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The environmental heterogeneity (microclimate, geomorphology, topography, etc.) found in mountains allows the existence of a diverse plethora of ecological conditions at very fine spatial scales [16,17], offering an excellent opportunity to study ecological responses to future environmental changes [18][19][20][21]. Some tree species, such as Pinus sylvestris and Quercus pyrenaica, have their rear-edge populations located in mountainous areas of southern Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Diversity within Rear-Edge: A Case Study from Mediterranean Quercus pyrenaica Willd.

Pérez‐Luque

Benito

Bonet‐García

et al. 2020

Forests

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Understanding the ecology of populations located in the rear edge of their distribution is key to assessing the response of the species to changing environmental conditions. Here, we focus on rear-edge populations of Quercus pyrenaica in Sierra Nevada (southern Iberian Peninsula) to analyze their ecological and floristic diversity. We perform multivariate analyses using high-resolution environmental information and forest inventories to determine how environmental variables differ among oak populations, and to identify population groups based on environmental and floristic composition. We find that water availability is a key variable in explaining the distribution of Q. pyrenaica and the floristic diversity of their accompanying communities within its rear edge. Three cluster of oak populations were identified based on environmental variables. We found differences among these clusters regarding plant diversity, but not for forest attributes. A remarkable match between the populations clustering derived from analysis of environmental variables and the ordination of the populations according to species composition was found. The diversity of ecological behaviors for Q. pyrenaica populations in this rear edge are consistent with the high genetic diversity shown by populations of this oak in the Sierra Nevada. The identification of differences between oak populations within the rear-edge with respect to environmental variables can aid with planning the forest management and restoration actions, particularly considering the importance of some environmental factors in key ecological aspects.

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“…Nevada receives legal protection and international recognition in multiple ways: MAB Biosphere Reserve (1986), Natural Park (1989),National Park (1999), Important Bird Area (2003, Special Area of Conservation (Natura 2000(Natura network, 2012, and it is included in the IUCN Green List of Protected Areas (2014) and in the Spanish LTER network (Zamora et al 2017). The main economic activities in this mountain region are agriculture, tourism, livestock raising, beekeeping, mining, and skiing (Bonet et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We provided a detailed characterization of the functional diversity at ecosystem level for Sierra Nevada, that could be useful to monitor the response of ecosystems to global change and management actions, to understand the ecosystem 340 functioning and functional diversity across the environmental gradients at protected area scale, and to evaluate the role of ecosystems in providing ecosystem services (Cabello et al, 2019). Sierra Nevada is also a long-term ecological laboratory established 10 years ago (Zamora et al 2016(Zamora et al , 2017, that have available data on biodiversity, climate, ecosystem services, hydrology, land-use changes and management practices from Sierra Nevada. This will allow to explore the relationships between these other environmental data with the ecosystem functional data 345 that we provide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)

Cazorla

Cabello

Reyes

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Conservation Biology faces the challenge of safeguarding the ecological processes that sustain biodiversity. Characterization and evaluation of these processes can be carried out through attributes or functional traits related to the exchanges of matter and energy between vegetation and the atmosphere. Nowadays, the use of satellite imagery provides useful methods to produce a spatially continuous characterization of ecosystem functioning and processes at regional scales. Our dataset characterizes the patterns of ecosystem functioning in Sierra Nevada (Spain) from the vegetation greenness dynamics captured through the spectral vegetation index EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) since 2001 to 2018 (product MOD13Q1.006 from MODIS sensor). First, we provided three Ecosystem Functional Attributes (EFAs) (i.e., descriptors of annual primary production, seasonality, and phenology of carbon gains), as well as their integration into a synthetic mapping of Ecosystem Functional Types (EFTs). Second, we provided two measures of functional diversity: EFT richness and EFT rarity. Finally, in addition to the yearly maps, we calculated interannual summaries, i.e., means and inter-annual variabilities. Examples of research and management applications of these data sets are also included to highlight the value of EFAs and EFTs to improve the understanding and monitoring ecosystem processes across environmental gradients. The datasets are available in two open-source sites (PANGAEA: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.904575 (Cazorla et al. 2019) and http://obsnev.es/apps/efts_SN.html), and bring to scientists, managers and the general public valuable information on the first characterization of the functional diversity at ecosystem level developed in a Mediterranean hotspot. Sierra Nevada represents an exceptional ecology laboratory of field conditions, where a long-term monitoring (LTER) program was established 10 years ago. The data availability on biodiversity, climate, ecosystem services, hydrology, land-use changes and management practices from Sierra Nevada, will allow to explore the relationships between these other environmental data and ecosystem functional data that we provide in this work.

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Global Change Impact in the Sierra Nevada Long‐Term Ecological Research Site (Southern Spain)

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Response to referee 2 comments on “A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)” by Beatriz P. Cazorla et al.

Response to referee 2 comments on “A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)” by Beatriz P. Cazorla et al.

Ecological Diversity within Rear-Edge: A Case Study from Mediterranean Quercus pyrenaica Willd.

A remote sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity of a Biosphere Reserve: Sierra Nevada (SE Spain)

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