Global longitudinal strain, ejection fraction, effort tolerance and normal echocardiography measurements in healthy Indians

Sullere, Vivek; Jain, Deepika; Sullere, Shivang; Anthony, C.

doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2018.05.018

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Sullere et al presented the data of 707 subjects from a single center from central India. 10 This is the first study reporting normative echocardiographic values from eastern India and the largest Indian sample studied till date for the same. The wide spectrum of data among these contemporary studies involving Indian subjects re-asserts the influence of race, ethnicity, heredity, lifestyle and BSA on echocardiographic parameters even within a single country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults

Mukherjee

Halder

Nandi

et al. 2021

Indian Heart Journal

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Objective Various studies have shown racial differences in adult cardiac chamber measurements by echocardiography. There is lack of any large scale data from India regarding the echocardiographic chamber measurements in cardiologically healthy individuals. In this study we present the normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults and compare it with the data in present guidelines and recent studies involving Indian subjects. Methods This study was performed on 1377 healthy adults aged 18–35 years. Standard transthoracic echocardiographies were performed to obtain basic measurements. All measurements were indexed to body surface area. Results The mean maximal aortic valve cusp separation (ACS) and indexed ACS were significantly more in females (p = 0.002, p = 0.03). Mean left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fractional shortening were marginally higher in females. Upper normal reference limit of LV end diastolic dimension (LVEdD) is slightly more for males. Comparing to ASE data, LVEdD, LV end systolic dimension, LV end diastolic volume, indexed LV end systolic volume, left atrial anteroposterior dimension, aortic root dimension and right ventricle outflow diameter were significantly lower in study population while LVEF was significantly higher (p < 0.0001). Conclusion The study reconfirms that Indian subjects have smaller cardiac chamber measurements compared to western population where as LVEF is higher in the Indian population and also demonstrates the wide variation of normal echocardiographic measurements within Indian subcontinent. No previous data from eastern India makes this research a singular experience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults

Mukherjee

Halder

Nandi

et al. 2021

Indian Heart Journal

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“…In Japan, the Japanese Normal Values for Echocardiographic Measurements Project (JAMP) study examined 700 healthy Japanese subjects and found that LV dimensions were larger for males than for females, but also showed that values for males were smaller when indexed to BSA, and that 2D LV volume for males was larger than for females even when the values were indexed to BSA [8]. Most of the subsequent national or regional studies on normal reference values for LV size showed results consistent with those of the JAMP study [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], while some showed only minor differences [17]. As for the relationship between LV size and age, 2D LV volume generally decreased with age for both genders [8,11,16,[18][19][20], which has been confirmed in a meta-analysis based [21].…”

Section: Sizementioning

confidence: 82%

“…LVM is generally larger for males than females even after indexation to BSA [8, 9, 11, 13-15, 17, 19, 20, 39]. LVM and LVM indexed to BSA (LVMI) were found to increase with age in many studies [8,14,[18][19][20][21], but one did not detect any relationship between LVMI and age [9]. The EchoNoRMAL study, a meta-analysis of normal echocardiographic reference values, demonstrated that LVMI was higher for European Whites than for Asians regardless of the measurement methods used [21].…”

Section: Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies with relatively large cohorts, 2D LAV measurements indexed to BSA (LAVI) were similar for gender, although absolute 2D LAV for males was larger [8,11,16,19,51,52]. On the other hand, some regional studies with smaller numbers of subjects showed that 2D LAVI was larger for females than for males [12,14,53]. This may be because the mean age of the cohorts in those studies were in their late [14,16,19,51].…”

Section: La Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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Standardization of normal values for cardiac chamber size in echocardiography

Miyoshi

Tanaka

2021

J Med Ultrasonics

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Echocardiography is used worldwide to evaluate cardiac size and function. To determine what values are abnormal, it is essential to establish normal reference values for echocardiography. The current guidelines for chamber quantification specify normative values for cardiac chambers and recommend that gender and body size be taken into account. However, these normative data were established using databases for which a variety of measurement methods were used and the majority of subjects consisted of Whites in Europe and the United States. However, several regional studies from other countries suggest that cardiac size varies globally. To overcome these limitations, the Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography study and the World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography Normal Values study have recently been conducted to examine similarities and differences in cardiac chamber size and to establish normal reference values while taking worldwide diversity into account. The results from these studies have demonstrated that standardization of normal reference values for cardiac size is important. This review article aims to summarize the current status of normative echocardiographic values for cardiac chamber size.

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“…A total of 773 studies were obtained from the literature search excluding duplicates, and after reviewing all abstracts, 102 studies passed initial screening for full-text review, and 44 studies were eligible for analysis , totaling 8,910 subjects (Figure 2) (39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57). In one study we were able to obtain unpublished means and standard deviations for LVGLS from the authors (15).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the thresholds for abnormal left ventricular strains in healthy subjects by echocardiography: a meta-analysis

Wang¹,

Desai²,

Collier³

et al. 2020

Cardiovasc Diagn Ther

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Background: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), circumferential strain (LVGCS) and radial strain (LVGRS) are echocardiographic parameters with wide clinical applicability. However, the thresholds for abnormal left ventricular (LV) strains, particularly the lower limits of normal (LLN), are not well established. This meta-analysis determined the mean and LLN of two-(2D) and three-dimensional (3D)LV strain in healthy subjects and factors that influence strain measurements.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases until 31 December 2019 for studies reporting left ventricular (LV) global strain in at least 50 healthy subjects. We pooled means and LLNs of 2D and 3D LV strain using random-effects models, and performed subgroup and meta-regression analysis for LVGLS. Results: Forty-four studies were eligible totaling 8,910 subjects. The pooled means and LLNs (95% confidence intervals) were −20.1% (−20.7%, −19.6%) and −15.4% (−16.0%, −14.7%) respectively for 2D-LVGLS; −21.9% (−23.4%, −20.3%) and −15.3% (−16.9%, −13.8%) respectively for 2D-LVGCS; and 48.4% (43.8%, 53.0%) and 25.5% (17.8%, 33.1%) respectively for 2D-LVGRS. All pooled analyses demonstrated significant heterogeneity, and means and LLNs of and 3D-LV strains differed marginally from 2D. Only vendor software was associated with differences in pooled means and LLN of 2D-LVGLS.Conclusions: In conclusion, pooled means and LLNs of 2D-and 3D-LV global strain parameters in healthy subjects were reported. Based on the pooled LLNs, thresholds for abnormal, borderline and normal strains can be defined, such as less negative than −14.7%, between −14.7% and −16.0% and more negative than −16.0% respectively for 2D-LVGLS, and 2D-LVGLS values are only affected by vendor software.

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Global longitudinal strain, ejection fraction, effort tolerance and normal echocardiography measurements in healthy Indians

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

A study on normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults

A study on normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults

Standardization of normal values for cardiac chamber size in echocardiography

Determining the thresholds for abnormal left ventricular strains in healthy subjects by echocardiography: a meta-analysis

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