Global mismatch between species richness and vulnerability of reef fish assemblages

Parravicini, Valeriano; Villéger, Sébastien; McClanahan, Tim R.; Arias‐González, Jesús Ernesto; Bellwood, David R.; Belmaker, Jonathan; Chabanet, Pascale; Floeter, Sergio R.; Friedlander, Alan M.; Guilhaumon, François; Vigliola, Laurent; Kulbicki, Michel; Mouillot, David

doi:10.1111/ele.12316

Cited by 95 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Finally, for some of the same reasons that fueled disputes for terrestrial ecosystems, hotspots on coral reefs (Roberts et al, 2002) have also been the subject of controversy (Briggs, 2002;Hughes et al, 2002). In this respect, Parravicini et al (2014) have recently identified tropical reef areas that are critical for preventing the loss of fish taxonomic and functional biodiversity. These areas, such as the Western Indian Ocean, differ in important ways from the fish richness hotspots previously identified close to the Indo-Australian Archipelago.…”

Section: Criticism Of Biodiversity Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity hotspots: A shortcut for a more complicated concept

Marchese

2015

Global Ecology and Conservation

411

233

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a b s t r a c tIn an era of human activities, global environmental changes, habitat loss and species extinction, conservation strategies are a crucial step toward minimizing biodiversity loss. For instance, oceans acidification and land use are intensifying in many places with negative and often irreversible consequences for biodiversity. Biodiversity hotspots, despite some criticism, have become a tool for setting conservation priorities and play an important role in decision-making for cost-effective strategies to preserve biodiversity in terrestrial and, to some extent, marine ecosystems. This area-based approach can be applied to any geographical scale and it is considered to be one of the best approaches for maintaining a large proportion of the world's biological diversity. However, delineating hotspots includes quantitative criteria along with subjective considerations and the risk is to neglect areas, such as coldspots, with other types of conservation value. Nowadays, it is widely acknowledged that biodiversity is much more than just the number of species in a region and a conservation strategy cannot be based merely on the number of taxa present in an ecosystem. Therefore, the idea that strongly emerges is the need to reconsider conservation priorities and to go toward an interdisciplinary approach through the creation of science-policy partnerships.

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Section: Criticism Of Biodiversity Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity hotspots: A shortcut for a more complicated concept

Marchese

2015

Global Ecology and Conservation

411

233

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“…The null hypothesis of no correlation between maximum intraspecific K2P distance and SL, PLD or GRS was tested using Pearson's R test as implemented in the R Stats v. 3.1.2 package (R Core Team 2014). GRS was estimated based on species occurrences across an Indo-Pacific 5° × 5° grid from Parravicini et al (2014) and expressed in terms of the number of cells in which a species occurs. SL data were collected from FishBase (Froese & Pauly 2016), and PLD data were obtained from Luiz et al (2013).…”

Section: Lhts and Genetic Divergencementioning

confidence: 99%

Geography and life history traits account for the accumulation of cryptic diversity among Indo-West Pacific coral reef fishes

Hubert¹,

Dettaı̈²,

Pruvost³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Indo-West Pacific coral reef fishes form speciose ecological communities. A biogeographically meaningful interpretation of diversity patterns in this region requires accurate inventories of species. Previous studies have suggested that biogeographic scenarios for Indo-West Pacific coral reef fishes are compromised by an unacknowledged yet substantial amount of cryptic diversity. DNA barcoding, the use of a mitochondrial gene as an internal species tag for species identification, has opened new perspectives on global biodiversity. The present study, based on the largest DNA barcode reference library produced to date for Indo-West Pacific coral reef fishes, sheds new light on the extent of cryptic diversity and its evolutionary origin. We analyzed 3174 DNA barcodes for 805 species of coral reef fishes sampled at 3 different locations across the IndoWest Pacific (including 538 new DNA barcodes for 270 species sampled from New Caledonia). Among the 183 species with Indo-West Pacific distribution and multiple specimens analyzed, 78 (42.6%) were represented by 2 or more monophyletic lineages alternatively sorted between the sampling sites in the Indian and Pacific oceans and another 73 (40%) showed evidence of phylogeographic structure. Spatial analyses pointed to a detectable impact of geographic isolation on the emergence of cryptic diversity. The significant correlation of several life history traits to the maximum intraspecific genetic distances suggests that genetic divergence among geographically isolated cryptic lineages accumulated though mutation and genetic drift.

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“…The WIO has several characteristics and challenges that make it unique and a global priority for conservation and sustainable management (Allen 2008;McClanahan & Cinner 2012;Parravicini et al 2014;Worm & Branch 2012). This may be achieved by expanding the MPAs through international collaboration, but these plans need to be considered in the context of the challenges related to environmental change, subsistence economies, poor fisheries-dependent coastal populations and the international composition of the pelagic fisheries industry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WIO coral reefs support many people that rely primarily on natural resources, and this results in a range of intense human use and environmental impacts such as unsustainable fishing and sedimentation (Hicks 2011;Maina et al 2013;Parravicini et al 2014;UNEP-Nairobi Convention & WIOMSA 2015;van der Elst et al 2005). Coral reefs are threatened by both oceanic and land-derived factors; thus, landsea connections play an important role in the sustainable use and biodiversity conservation (Klein et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies indicate that coral reef health, biodiversity, fish biomass and coral cover are in decline in the region (McClanahan et al 2011b;Selig et al 2014). While the region's economic situation often poses constraints on resource management, and economic security needs often receive precedence over biodiversity conservation (Hicks 2011), the high resource dependency and low functional redundancy among fish communities (Cinner et al 2012a;Parravicini et al 2014) underscores the need for strategies that increase the capacity of these poor economies to adapt to threats posed by fisheries (McClanahan & Cinner 2012;Worm & Branch 2012). In addition to direct human threats posed to coral reef biodiversity by fisheries, terrestrial land uses (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the potential for transboundary management of marine biodiversity in the Western Indian Ocean

Levin

Beger

Maina

et al. 2018

Australasian Journal of Environmental Management

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The economic and socio-political interactions between countries can have major impacts on transboundary conservation decisions and outcomes. Here, we examined for 14 Western Indian Ocean (WIO) continental and island nations the extent of their marine coral reef species, fisheries and marine protected areas (MPAs), in the context of their geopolitical and socio-economic connections. We also examined the role of external countries and organisations in collaboration within the region. We found large variation between the different countries in their protected area size, and management, which result from different interests in establishing the MPAs, ranging from fisheries management, biodiversity conservation to asserting sovereignty claims. Seventy-four per cent of the 154 MPAs in the region belong to island nations; however, the largest MPAs in the WIO were established by European powers, and include Mayotte and Glorioso Islands (France) and Chagos (UK). While the majority of MPAs are managed by individual countries, between-country collaboration within and outside the region is key if the aim is to achieve effective conservation of ecosystems and species across the island and mainland nations in the region. This may be advanced by creating transboundary MPAs and by regional conservation investment by external powers that benefit from the region's resources.

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Global mismatch between species richness and vulnerability of reef fish assemblages

Cited by 95 publications

References 48 publications

Biodiversity hotspots: A shortcut for a more complicated concept

Biodiversity hotspots: A shortcut for a more complicated concept

Geography and life history traits account for the accumulation of cryptic diversity among Indo-West Pacific coral reef fishes

Evaluating the potential for transboundary management of marine biodiversity in the Western Indian Ocean

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