Global myocardial longitudinal strain in a general population—associations with blood pressure and subclinical heart failure: The Tromsø Study

Abstract

The early detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction can contribute to the treatment and prevention of heart failure (HF). The aim of the study was to (i) describe myocardial global longitudinal strain (GLS) patterns in a large general population sample from Norway and their relation to established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors; (ii) to determine its normal thresholds in healthy individuals and (iii) ascertain the relation of myocardial GLS to stage A subclinical heart failure (SAHF). Methods: Participants (n=1855) of the 7 th survey of the population-based Tromsø Study of Norway (2015-2016) with GLS measurements were studied. Linear and logistic regression models were used for assessment of the associations between CVD risk factors and GLS. Results: Mean GLS (SD) in healthy participants was-15.9 (2.7)% in men and-17.8 (3.1)% in women. Among healthy subjects, defined as those without known cardiovascular diseases and comorbidities, GLS declined with age. An increase of systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 10 mm Hg was associated with a 0.2% GLS reduction. Myocardial GLS in individuals with SAHF was 1.2% lower than in participants without SAHF (p<0.001). Conclusion: Mean myocardial GLS declines with age in both sexes, both in a general population and in the healthy subsample. SBP increase associated with GLS decline in women. Our findings indicate high sensitivity of GLS for early subclinical stages of HF.

The additive effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on left ventricular deformation and myocardial perfusion in essential hypertension: a 3.0 T cardiac magnetic resonance study

“…Similar to most progressive myocardial diseases, subendocardial fibers are more vulnerable to being affected; thus, longitudinal contractile function representing as GLPS may be impaired earlier and more severely [ 8 ], as shown in previous studies with hypertension [ 17 – 19 ] and T2DM [ 13 , 20 – 22 ], as well as in our patients. In hypertension, there is insulin resistance and activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, which may result in diffuse myocardial fibrosis [ 12 ].…”

The additive effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on left ventricular deformation and myocardial perfusion in essential hypertension: a 3.0T cardiac magnetic resonance study

“…Similar to most progressive myocardial diseases, subendocardial bers are more vulnerable to being affected; thus, longitudinal contractile function representing as GLPS may be impaired earlier and more severely [8], as shown in previous studies with hypertension [17][18][19] and T2DM [13,[20][21][22], as well as in our patients. In hypertension, there is insulin resistance and activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which may result in diffuse myocardial brosis [12].…”

Longitudinal Associations Between Cumulative Physical Activity and Change in Structure and Function of the Left Side of the Heart: The Tromsø Study 2007–2016

“…In Tromsø7, an intra- and inter-observer study was performed on the echocardiography data ( 27 ). Intra-class correlation coefficients on Doppler indices and linear measurements were 0.90–0.99 in the intra-observer study and 0.84–0.98 in the inter-observer study.…”