Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children

Onís, Mercedes de; Blössner, Monika; Borghi, Elaine

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29786

Cited by 1,793 publications

(1,485 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Childhood overweight and obesity are increasing world wide (Figure 2) 82 . Risk factors include HBW, exposure to gestational diabetes and early post-natal weight gain among many others 83 .…”

Section: Impact Of Childhood Weight Gain On Risk Factors For Chronic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

et al. 2013

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Developmental programming of non-communicable diseases is now an established paradigm. With respect to hypertension and chronic kidney disease, adverse events experienced in utero can affect development of the fetal kidney and reduce final nephron number. Low birth weight and prematurity are the most consistent clinical surrogates for a low nephron number, and are associated with increased risk of hypertension, proteinuria and kidney disease in later life. Rapid weight gain in childhood or adolescence further compounds these risks. Low birth weight, prematurity and rapid childhood weight gain should alert clinicians to an individual's life-long risk of hypertension and kidney disease, prompting education to minimize additional risk factors and ensuring follow-up. Birth weight and prematurity are significantly impacted by maternal nutrition and health during pregnancy. Optimization of maternal health and early childhood nutrition could therefore attenuate this programming cycle and reduce the global burden of hypertension and kidney disease in the future.

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Section: Impact Of Childhood Weight Gain On Risk Factors For Chronic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

et al. 2013

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has nearly doubled since 1980 and, as of 2008, there were 40 million (6%) preschool-aged children worldwide classified as overweight. 1 De Onis et al 2 estimated that by 2020 the percentage is expected to increase to 9.1%, resulting in approximately 60 million preschool-aged children who are overweight or obese. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that childhood obesity affects 17% of all children and adolescents, a rate which has tripled from one generation ago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and non-chemical stressors affecting childhood obesity: a systematic scoping review

Lichtveld

Thomas

Tulve

2017

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Childhood obesity in the United States has doubled over the last three decades and currently affects 17% of children and adolescents. While much research has focused on individual behaviors impacting obesity, little research has emphasized the complex interactions of numerous chemical and non-chemical stressors found in a child's environment and how these interactions affect a child's health and well-being. The objectives of this systematic scoping review were to (1) identify potential chemical stressors in the context of non-chemical stressors that impact childhood obesity; and, (2) summarize our observations for chemical and non-chemical stressors in regards to child-specific environments within a community setting. A review was conducted to identify chemical and non-chemical stressors related to childhood obesity for the childhood life stages ranging from prenatal to adolescence. Stressors were identified and grouped into domains: individual behaviors, family/household behaviors, community stressors, and chemical exposures. Stressors were related to the child and the child's everyday environments and used to characterize child health and well-being. This review suggests that the interactions of chemical and non-chemical stressors are important for understanding a child's overall health and well-being. By considering these relationships, the exposure science research community can better design and implement strategies to reduce childhood obesity.

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“…Changes in physical activity as well as eating practices are occurring in developed and developing countries affecting children and adolescents. In industrialized and developing countries, obesity has increased at a fast rate especially since the 1980s in all age groups (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth weight and obesity risk at first grade of high school in a non-concurrent cohort of Chilean children

Loaiza

Atalah

2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To determine the association of birth weight with obesity risk at first grade of high school in Chilean children after accounting for potential confounding factors. Design: National non-concurrent cohort of newborns. Sociodemographic information, height, weight and anthropometric measurements at first grade of high school were analysed. Birth weight was classified as macrosomia ($4000 g), by gestational age and by ponderal index. The relationship between birth weight and obesity at first grade of high school (BMI $ 95th percentile of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's reference) was assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic information at delivery. Setting: First grade of public high school of low and middle socio-economic status in the whole country (about 77 % of Chilean children in this age group). Subjects: Newborns (n 119 070) and the same number of high-school students. Results: A positive relationship of high ponderal index (OR 5 1?86, 95 % CI 1?69, 2?03), birth weight $4000 g (OR 5 1?66, 95 % CI 1?54, 1?78) and large for gestational age (OR 5 1?69, 95 % CI 1?58, 1?81) with obesity at adolescence (P , 0?001) was found. Macrosomic children had a higher risk of being obese at first grade of high school after controlling for prenatal confounding variables (OR 5 1?63, 95 % CI 1?52, 1?76; P , 0?001). Conclusions: A direct relationship between high birth weight and obesity at first grade of high school was observed in this group of Chilean children. The results highlight the significance of birth weight as a simple tool to be used as an indicator of obesity risk for children by health-care providers.

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Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children

Abstract: Childhood overweight and obesity have increased dramatically since 1990. These findings confirm the need for effective interventions starting as early as infancy to reverse anticipated trends.

Cited by 1,793 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

Chemical and non-chemical stressors affecting childhood obesity: a systematic scoping review

Birth weight and obesity risk at first grade of high school in a non-concurrent cohort of Chilean children

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