Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

Razavi‐Shearer, Devin; Gamkrelidze, Ivane; Nguyen, Mindie H.; Chen, Ding‐Shinn; Damme, Pierre Van; Abbas, Zaigham; Abdulla, Maheeba; Rached, Antoine Abou; Adda, Danjuma; Aho, Inka; Akarca, Ulus Salih; Hasan, Fuad; Lawati, Faryal Al; Naamani, Khalid Al; Al-Ashgar, Hamad I.; Alavian, Seyed M.; Alawadhi, Sameer; Albillos, Agustı́n; Al-Busafi, Said A.; Aleman, Soo; Al-Faleh, Faleh Z.; Aljumah, Abdulrahman; Anand, Anil C.; Anh, Nguyen Thu; Arends, Joop E.; Arkkila, Perttu; Athanasakis, Kostas; Bane, Abate; Ben‐Ari, Ziv; Berg, Thomas; Bizri, Abdul Rahman; Blach, Sarah; Mello, Carlos Eduardo Brandão; Brandon, S.; Bright, Bisi; Bruggmann, Philip; Brunetto, M.R.; Buti, Marı́a; Chan, Henry Lik Yuen; Chaudhry, Asad; Chien, Rong‐Nan; Choi, Moon Seok; Christensen, Peer Brehm; Chuang, Wan‐Long; Chulanov, Vladimir; Clausen, Mette Rye; Colombo, Massimo; Cornberg, Markus; Cowie, Benjamin C; Craxı̀, Antonio; Croes, Esther; Cuellar, Diego; Cunningham, Chris; Desalegn, Hailemichael; Dražilová, Sylvia; Duberg, Ann‐Sofi; Egeonu, Steve S; El-Sayed, Manal Hamdy; Estes, Chris; Falconer, Karolin; Ferraz, Maria Lúcia Gomes; Ferreira, Paulo Roberto Abrão; Flisiak, Robert; Fraňková, Soňa; Gaeta, Giovanni Battista; García-Samaniego, Javier; Genov, Jordan; Gerstoft, Jan; Goldiş, Adrian; Gountas, Ilias; Gray, Richard T.; Pessôa, Mário; Hajarizadeh, Behzad; Hatzakis, Angelos; Hézode, Christophe; Himatt, Sayed; Hoepelman, Andy I. M.; Hrstić, Irena; Hui, Yee‐Tak; Husa, Petr; Jahis, Rohani; Janjua, Naveed Z.; Jarčuška, Peter; Jaroszewicz, Jerzy; Kaymakoğlu, Sabahattin; Kershenobich, David; Kondili, Loreta A.; Konysbekova, Aliya; Krajden, Mel; Kristián, Pavol; Laleman, Wim; Lao, Wai‐Cheung; Layden, Jen; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Lee, Hsuan-Shu; Liakina, Valentina; Lim, Young‐Suk; Loo, Ching–Kong; Lukšić, Boris; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malu, Abraham O.; Mamatkulov, Adkhamjon; Manns, Michael P.; Marinho, Rui Tato; Matičič, Mojca; Mauss, Stefan; Memon, Muhammad Sadik; Corrêa, Maria Cássia Mendes; Méndez-Sánchez, Nahúm; Merat, Shahin; Metwally, Ammal M.; Mohamed, Rosmawati; Mokhbat, Jacques; Moreno, Christophe; Mossong, Joël; Mourad, Fadi H.; Müllhaupt, Beat; Murphy, K; Musabaev, Erkin; Nawaz, Arif; Nde, H.; Negro, Francesco; Nersesov, Alexander; Nguyen, Van Thi Thuy; Njouom, Richard; Ntagirabiri, R.; Нурматов, З. Ш.; Obekpa, Solomon; Ocama, Ponsiano; Oguche, Stephen; Omede, Ogu; Omuemu, C; Opare-Sem, Ohene; Opio, Christopher; Örmeci, Necati; Papatheodoridis, George V.; Pasini, Ken; Pimenov, Nikolay; Poustchi, Hossein; Quang, Tran Dai; Qureshi, Huma; Ramji, Alnoor; Razavi‐Shearer, Kathryn; Redae, Berhane; Reesink, H. W.; Rios, C; Rjaskova, Gabriela; Scott, Sarah Robbins; Roberts, Lewis R.; Roberts, Stuart K.; Ryder, Stephen; Safadi, Rifaat; Sagalova, Olga; Salupere, Riina; Sanai, Faisal M.; Ávila, Juan Francisco Sánchez; Saraswat, Vivek A.; Sarrazin, Christoph; Schmelzer, Jonathan; Schréter, Ivan; Scott, Julia; Seguin-Devaux, Carole; Shah, Samir; Sharara, Ala I.; Sharma, Manik; Shiha, Gamal; Shin, Tesia; Sievert, William; Šperl, Jan; Stärkel, Peter; Stedman, Catherine; Sypsa, Vana; Tacke, Frank; Tan, Soek Siam; Tanaka, Junko; Tomasiewicz, Krzysztof; Urbánek, Petr; Meer, Adriaan J. van der; Vlierberghe, Hans Van; Vella, Stefano; Vince, Adriana; Waheed, Yasir; Waked, Imam; Walsh, Nick; Weis, Nina; Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun; Woodring, Joseph; Yaghi, César; Yang, Hwai‐I; Yang, Chung‐Lin; Yesmembetov, Kakharman; Yosry, Ayman; Yuen, Man‐Fung; Yusuf, Muhammed Aasim; Zeuzem, Stefan; Razavi, Homie

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(18)30056-6

Cited by 1,366 publications

(810 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The Polaris Observatory Collaborators estimated that there were approximately 292 million HBV infections in 2016 globally. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4.8 million (5%) of the approximately 94 million individual who were eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy [1]. HBV infection is a major cause of chronic liver diseases, such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in Northeastern China and the beneficial effect of the vaccination strategy for hepatitis B: a cross-sectional study

Wang¹,

Yu-Hui²,

Tao

et al. 2018

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundViral hepatitis, mainly hepatitis B and C, is a serious public health problem worldwide. In China, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains high, while that of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is controversial. This study investigated the epidemiology of HBV and HCV infections and assessed the beneficial effect of the vaccination strategy for hepatitis B in Northeastern China.MethodsFrom June 2016 to August 2016, 6541 residents of Changchun in Northeastern China were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Demographic characteristics as well as HBV and HCV serological test results were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsAmong all study participants, 3.8% and 0.36% tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV, respectively. The HBsAg- and anti-HCV-positive rates were significantly higher in male participants (4.58% and 0.43%) than in female individuals (3.0% and 0.33%). Notably, among all age groups, the lowest rate of HBsAg positivity (0.2%) was found in children born after the implementation of the vaccination strategy for hepatitis B. Conversely, participants aged 40–49 years had significantly greater positive rates of HBsAg (5.9%) compared with those of other age groups. Furthermore, the highest rates of anti-HCV positivity (1.1%) were observed in participants aged 50–59 years.ConclusionsThe rate of HBsAg-positivity declined significantly following successful implementation of the policy on hepatitis B vaccination, indicating a beneficial impact on the control of HBV infection. However, only a slight decrease was observed in the anti-HCV–positivity rate, identifying an area in need of improvement within viral hepatitis prevention and control programs in China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in Northeastern China and the beneficial effect of the vaccination strategy for hepatitis B: a cross-sectional study

Wang¹,

Yu-Hui²,

Tao

et al. 2018

BMC Public Health

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show abstract

“…Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects 292 million people worldwide, with 600 000 deaths occurring each year from cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma . The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is an abundant viral protein present in the blood of infected patients, and its clearance during treatment is a highly reliable indicator of the restoration of immune response and subsequent functional cure of chronic hepatitis B .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variants of hepatitis B virus surface antigen observed during therapy with nucleic acid polymer REP 2139‐Ca have no influence on treatment outcome and its detection by diagnostic assays

Mijočević

Karimzadeh

Seebach

et al. 2018

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Summary The treatment of patients suffering from HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B with REP 2139‐Ca resulted in potent reductions in HBsAg and HBV DNA, seroconversion to anti‐HBs and the establishment of functional control of infection. In this cohort of 12 patients, we investigated whether differences between HBsAg sequences might explain the lack of response to REP 2139‐Ca observed in 3 of 12 patients. We also assessed if the reduction or complete loss of HBsAg in serum observed during therapy were caused by mutations in the “a” determinant preventing the detection of HBsAg by standard diagnostic assays. The complete pre‐S/S open reading frame (ORF) was sequenced and pre‐S1, pre‐S2 and S amino acid sequences were analysed. We found no major differences between pre‐S1, pre‐S2 and S sequences in responders and nonresponders correlated with low reduction in HBsAg. In addition, we found no mutations in the “a” determinant that would significantly affect the reactivity of HBsAg in diagnostic assays. These results demonstrate that the amino acid sequence of complete pre‐S/S ORF has no direct influence on response to REP 2139‐Ca therapy.

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“…Despite an effective prophylactic vaccine, it remains a major public health challenge. Between 250 and 290 million people are chronically infected with HBV worldwide which results in 1 million deaths per year (Razavi-Shearer et al, 2018). …”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus Replication and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Host functions used by hepatitis B virus to complete its life cycle: Implications for developing host-targeting agents to treat chronic hepatitis B

et al. 2018

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Similar to other mammalian viruses, the life cycle of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is heavily dependent upon and regulated by cellular (host) functions. These cellular functions can be generally placed in to two categories: (a) intrinsic host restriction factors and innate defenses, which must be evaded or repressed by the virus; and (b) gene products that provide functions necessary for the virus to complete its life cycle. Some of these functions may apply to all viruses, but some may be specific to HBV. In certain cases, the virus may depend upon the host function much more than does the host itself. Knowing which host functions regulate the different steps of a virus’ life cycle, can lead to new antiviral targets and help in developing novel treatment strategies, in addition to improving a fundamental understanding of viral pathogenesis. Therefore, in this review we will discuss known host factors which influence key steps of HBV life cycle, and further elucidate therapeutic interventions targeting host-HBV interactions.

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Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

Cited by 1,366 publications

References 20 publications

Epidemiological study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in Northeastern China and the beneficial effect of the vaccination strategy for hepatitis B: a cross-sectional study

Epidemiological study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in Northeastern China and the beneficial effect of the vaccination strategy for hepatitis B: a cross-sectional study

Variants of hepatitis B virus surface antigen observed during therapy with nucleic acid polymer REP 2139‐Ca have no influence on treatment outcome and its detection by diagnostic assays

Host functions used by hepatitis B virus to complete its life cycle: Implications for developing host-targeting agents to treat chronic hepatitis B

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