Global Progress in PMTCT and Paediatric HIV Care and Treatment in Low-and Middle-Income Countries in 2004–2005

Luo, Chewe; Akwara, Priscilla A.; Ngongo, Ngashi; Doughty, Patricia; Gass, Robert H.; Ekpini, René; Crowley, Siobhan; Hayashi, Chika

doi:10.1016/s0968-8080(07)30327-3

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Prevention of mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding (where transmission occurs in 20%-45% of cases without an intervention) has been the most successful HIV-1 prevention intervention to date (11,135,136), especially in developed countries, where neonatal infections have been virtually eliminated through routine use of HAART during pregnancy and delivery (135) and where breastfeeding can be safely replaced with infant formula feeding. In addition, use of reliable contraceptives is another effective means to prevent neonatal infections resulting from unintended pregnancies in women who are HIV-1-positive (137).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

The spread, treatment, and prevention of HIV-1: evolution of a global pandemic

Cohen¹,

Hellmann²,

Levy³

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Invest.

234

141

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The most up-to-date estimates demonstrate very heterogeneous spread of HIV-1, and more than 30 million people are now living with HIV-1 infection, most of them in sub-Saharan Africa. The efficiency of transmission of HIV-1 depends primarily on the concentration of the virus in the infectious host. Although treatment with antiviral agents has proven a very effective way to improve the health and survival of infected individuals, as we discuss here, the epidemic will continue to grow unless greatly improved prevention strategies can be developed and implemented. No prophylactic vaccine is on the horizon. However, several behavioral and structural strategies have made a difference -male circumcision provides substantial protection from sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV-1, and the application of antiretroviral agents for prevention holds great promise.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

The spread, treatment, and prevention of HIV-1: evolution of a global pandemic

Cohen¹,

Hellmann²,

Levy³

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Invest.

234

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent data from UNICEF, discussed by Luo et al in this issue of RHM, show that in sub-Saharan Africa, a quarter or less of antenatal care facilities provided the minimum package of PMTCT services in 2005. 27 A review in 2004 commented that the emphasis was typically on PMTCT, with less stress on primary prevention, preventing unwanted pregnancies or providing care, treatment and support for mothers with HIV, their children and families. 26 This has continued in some programmes.…”

Section: Continuing Challenges Limit Scale-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Referral and provision of antiretroviral treatment for women in need are also reported to be challenging, in terms of both data collection and making effective service linkages. 27 Stigma, low levels of male involvement and weak community mobilisation also contribute to low coverage. Services continue to struggle to attract participants and achieve adequate admissions rates in some settings, in part due to continuing stigma and discrimination surrounding HIV, including by providers, families and communities.…”

Section: Continuing Challenges Limit Scale-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28,29 Routine HIV testing, offered in antenatal and delivery wards, has helped to increase uptake of HIV testing. 27,30 According to UNICEF, approximately 90% of women who received counselling also accepted testing for HIV in 1995. 27 But, fewer than half of the 500,000 women testing HIV positive received antiretroviral prophylaxis.…”

Section: Continuing Challenges Limit Scale-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,30 According to UNICEF, approximately 90% of women who received counselling also accepted testing for HIV in 1995. 27 But, fewer than half of the 500,000 women testing HIV positive received antiretroviral prophylaxis. 22 High fall-off rates are reportedly due to fear of stigma and violence, as well as lack of antiretrovirals, transport and other barriers affecting service utilisation.…”

Section: Continuing Challenges Limit Scale-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Seizing the Big Missed Opportunity: Linking HIV and Maternity Care Services in Sub-Saharan Africa

Druce¹,

Nolan²

2007

Reproductive Health Matters

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A Comparison of Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviews to Face-to-Face Interviews of Sexual Behavior Among Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth

et al. 2011

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Computer-assisted interview methods are increasingly popular in the assessment of sensitive behaviors (e.g., substance abuse and sexual behaviors). It has been suggested that the effect of social desirability is diminished when answering via computer, as compared to an interviewer-administered face-to-face (FTF) interview, although studies exploring this hypothesis among adolescents are rare and yield inconsistent findings. This study compared two interview modes among a sample of urban, ethnic-minority, perinatally HIV-exposed U.S. youth (baseline = 148 HIV+, 126 HIV−, ages 9–16 years; follow-up = 120 HIV+, 110 HIV−, ages 10–19 years). Participants were randomly assigned to receive a sexual behavior interview via either Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) or FTF interview. The prevalence of several sexual behaviors and participants’ reactions to the interviews were compared. Although higher rates of sexual behaviors were typically reported in the ACASI condition, the differences rarely reached statistical significance, even when limited to demographic subgroups—except for gender. Boys were significantly more likely to report several sexual behaviors in the ACASI condition compared to FTF, whereas among girls no significant differences were found between the two conditions. ACASI-assigned youth rated the interview process as easier and more enjoyable than did FTF-assigned youth, and this was fairly consistent across subgroup analyses as well. We conclude that these more positive reactions to the ACASI interview give that methodology a slight advantage, and boys may disclose more sexual behavior when using computer-assisted interviews.

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Global Progress in PMTCT and Paediatric HIV Care and Treatment in Low-and Middle-Income Countries in 2004–2005

Cited by 33 publications

References 6 publications

The spread, treatment, and prevention of HIV-1: evolution of a global pandemic

The spread, treatment, and prevention of HIV-1: evolution of a global pandemic

Seizing the Big Missed Opportunity: Linking HIV and Maternity Care Services in Sub-Saharan Africa

A Comparison of Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviews to Face-to-Face Interviews of Sexual Behavior Among Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth

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