Glomerular Filtration Rate and Supraphysiologic-Dose Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use: A Cross-sectional Cohort Study

Hudson, James I.; Kanayama, Gen; Pope, Harrison G.; Muse, Samantha; Kaufman, Marc J.; Baggish, Aaron L.; Waikar, Sushrut S.

doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.01.012

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In a retrospective study of weightlifters that included 57 current anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users, 28 past AAS users, and 52 nonusers, adjusted eGFR was the lowest in current users, intermediate in past users, and the highest in nonusers suggesting either a direct nephrotoxic effect or an indirect effect mediated by AAS-induced CV dysfunction. 77…”

Section: Special Considerations For Transgender Care In the Setting O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing Care for Transgender Persons With Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review

Collister

Saad

Christie

et al. 2021

Can J Kidney Health Dis

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Purpose of review: Nephrologists are increasingly providing care to transgender individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, they may lack familiarity with this patient population that faces unique challenges. The purpose of this review is to discuss the care of transgender persons and what nephrologists should be aware of when providing care to their transgender patients. Sources of information: Original research articles were identified from MEDLINE and Google Scholar using the search terms “transgender,” “gender,” “sex,” “chronic kidney disease,” “end stage kidney disease,” “dialysis,” “transplant,” and “nephrology.” Methods: A focused review and critical appraisal of existing literature regarding the provision of care to transgender men and women with CKD including dialysis and transplant to identify specific issues related to gender-affirming therapy and chronic disease management in transgender persons. Key findings: Transgender persons are at an increased risk of adverse outcomes compared with the cisgender population including mental health, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, sexually transmitted infections, and mortality. Individuals with CKD have a degree of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and decreased levels of endogenous sex hormones; therefore, transgender persons with CKD may require reduced exogenous sex hormone dosing. Exogenous estradiol therapy increases the risk of venous thromboembolism and cardiovascular disease which may be further increased in CKD. Exogenous testosterone therapy increases the risk of polycythemia which should be closely monitored. The impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) trajectory in CKD is unclear. Gender-affirming hormone therapy with testosterone, estradiol, and anti-androgen therapies changes body composition and lean body mass which influences creatinine generation and the performance for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations in transgender persons. Confirmation of eGFR with measured GFR is reasonable if an accurate knowledge of GFR is needed for clinical decision-making. Limitations: There are limited studies regarding the intersection of transgender persons and kidney disease and those that exist are mostly case reports. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies in nephrology do not routinely differentiate between cisgender and transgender participants. Implications: This review highlights important considerations for providing care to transgender persons with kidney disease. Additional research is needed to evaluate the performance of eGFR equations in transgender persons, the effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy, and the impact of being transgender on outcomes in persons with kidney disease.

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Section: Special Considerations For Transgender Care In the Setting O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing Care for Transgender Persons With Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review

Collister

Saad

Christie

et al. 2021

Can J Kidney Health Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A study of long-term supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid use on cognitive function in middle-aged men

Kaufman,

Hudson,

Kanayama

et al. 2024

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Anabolic–androgenic steroids: How do they work and what are the risks?

Bond¹,

Smit

Ronde

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS) are a class of hormones that are widely abused for their muscle-building and strength-increasing properties in high, nontherapeutic, dosages. This review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview on how these hormones work and what side effects they might elicit. We discuss how AAS are absorbed into the circulation after intramuscular injection or oral ingestion and how they are subsequently transported to the tissues, where they will move into the extravascular compartment and diffuse into their target cells. Inside these cells, AAS can biotransform into different metabolites or bind to their cognate receptor: the androgen receptor. AAS and their metabolites can cause side effects such as acne vulgaris, hypertension, hepatotoxicity, dyslipidemia, testosterone deficiency, erectile dysfunction, gynecomastia, and cardiomyopathy. Where applicable, we mention treatment options and self-medication practices of AAS users to counteract these side effects. Clinicians may use this review as a guide for understanding how AAS use can impact health and to assist in patient education and, in some cases, the management of side effects.

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Glomerular Filtration Rate and Supraphysiologic-Dose Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use: A Cross-sectional Cohort Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Providing Care for Transgender Persons With Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review

Providing Care for Transgender Persons With Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review

A study of long-term supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid use on cognitive function in middle-aged men

Anabolic–androgenic steroids: How do they work and what are the risks?

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