Glu298Asp Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Polymorphism Is a Risk Factor for Erectile Dysfunction in the Mexican Mestizo Population

Abstract

Penile erection depends on the balanced action between antagonist vasoactive molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) and angiotensin. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphisms have been associated with endothelial dysfunction, which is described as a cause of erectile dysfunction (ED). Endothelial NOS and ACE are both regulators of vascular and corporal smooth muscle tone, which are connected by interaction between the NO-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and the renin-angiotensin system. We analyzed the frequencies of 894 G/T (Glu298Asp) eNOS and ACE I/D polymorphisms in Mexican patients with ED (n ϭ 53) and in an age-matched control group (n ϭ 62). The populations analyzed were in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. We found significant differences in allelic ( 2 ϭ 4.42; P ϭ .03) and genotypic frequencies ( 2 ϭ 3.96; P ϭ .04) between patients and controls for the 894 G/T eNOS polymorphism. Presence of the 894T allele in carriers increased the risk of ED (odds ratio [TT ϩ GT versus GG] ϭ 2.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 5.21; P ϭ .02). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the Glu298Asp polymorphism was an independent factor for ED, as was diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiac disease, and cigarette smoking. No association was found between ACE I/D polymorphism and ED in the population studied. Therefore, our results suggest that Glu298Asp eNOS polymorphism plays a role as a genetic susceptibility factor for ED.

Association between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and erectile dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome

“…For example, Park et al 19 examined 84 Korean patients with organic ED and 63 control subjects of the same age and found significantly higher incidence of the DD genotype in the first group compared to the second (54 and 24% respectively). On the other hand, Rosas-Vargas et al 20 have not found such association in Mexican population.…”

The role of eNOS and AGT gene polymorphisms in secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension in Romanian children with congenital heart disease

“…L-arginine is a precursor of NO. Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are enzymes with an important role in NO production (1,2). Three types of NOS have been described: endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) (1,2).…”

Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme I/D and eNOS G894T Gene Polymorphisms with Erectile Dysfunction

“…Ho we ver, Kim et al 37 did not de tect any as so ci a ti on bet we en the ACE I/D ge noty pe and ED in the sa me po pu la ti on, com pa tib le with our re sults. Ro sas-Var gas et al 38 al so de ni ed an inf lu en ce of ge noty pes of the ACE I/D poly morp hism on the risk of ED in a Me xi can Mes ti zo po pu la ti on.…”

“…In a study from Ger many, Ei sen hardt et al 9 in di ca ted that in di vidu als ho mozy go us for the 894T al le le of the eNOS G894T poly morp hism showed a re du ced res pon se to sil de na fil com pa red with in di vi du als ho mozy gous or he te rozy go us for the 894G al le le. In a Me xi can Mes ti zo po pu la ti on, Ro sas-Var gas et al 38 re por ted that the eNOS 894T al le le was as so ci a ted with an in cre a sed risk for ED. In addition, they sug ges ted that this as so ci a ti on had a prac ti cal imp li ca ti on that might be con si de red in the de ve lop ment of ED therapy pro to cols ba sed on the sti mu la ti on of pe ni le NO synthe sis.…”