Glucan Particles: Choosing the Appropriate Size to Use as a Vaccine Adjuvant

Colaço, Mariana; Costa, João Panão; Borges, Olga

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1892-9_13

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Notably, β-glucans specifically identifies macrophages and has been used to transfer payload macromolecules; that is, protein (21,22), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (23,24), small-interfering ribonucleic acid (25), and small drug molecules (e.g., rifampicin, methotrexate, and curcumin] (26-28). They have also been studied in the context of hepatitis B therapy (29), Francisella vaccines (30), and as a new tool in vaccine development (31,32). We p r e v i o u s l y r e p o r t e d c h a n g e s i n t h e b a s i c morphological structure of the tissue surrounding the liver lesions of secondary hydatid mice, and found that the basic morphological structure of the tissues surrounding the hepatic alveolar hydatid lesions changed, and a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated around the central veins and portal areas.…”

Section: What Is the Implication And What Should Change Now?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel albendazole-glucan particles for enhancing intestinal absorption and improving hepatic targeting

Liu¹,

Yang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Glucan particles (GPs) are derived from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall. The hollow particles composed of β-1,3-D-glucan have been extensively studied in terms of immune regulation and macrophage-targeted drug delivery. Albendazole (ABZ) is a benzimidazole drug with good anti-parasitic activity and is the drug recommended by the World Health Organization for the first-line treatment of hydatid disease.Methods: A dynamic light scatterometer, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope were used to characterize the ABZ-GPs. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM), and an in vivo small animal imaging system were used to evaluate theability of ABZ-GPs to be recognized by macrophages, whether ABZ-GPs are more readily absorbed and eliminated in the blood than the original ABZ drug in rats, and the ability of ABZ-GPs to target the mouse liver. Results:The ABZ-GPs were successfully constructed to achieve fluorescence, magnetic resonance imagining, and laser confocal microscopy imaging. The glucan shell effectively protects ABZ from enzymatic degradation and from being pumped out in the gastrointestinal tract. The analysis of ABZ and its major metabolite albendazole sulfoxide in the rat plasma and mouse liver showed that compared to the ABZ suspension group, the degradation of ABZ-GPSs in the blood was low, and the targeting of ABZ-GPSs in the liver was significantly enhanced. Conclusions:In the oral treatment of hepatic hydatid disease, GPs can be used as carriers to achieve the targeted transport of ABZ, which in turn can be used for the targeted therapy of liver echinococcosis. Thus, ABZ-GPs may be a promising form of targeted therapy.

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Section: What Is the Implication And What Should Change Now?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel albendazole-glucan particles for enhancing intestinal absorption and improving hepatic targeting

Liu¹,

Yang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

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“…Another significant effect is that they prevent fat absorption from food and stabilizing blood sugar (glucose) levels after consumption [ 3 , 23 ]. Due to the immunostimulatory properties of β-glucans, the planning of vaccine adjuvants based on β-glucans is an interesting perspective [ 24 ]. Mushrooms are an interesting component of human nutrition due to all of these properties and their high content of essential nutrients such as proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Biochemical and Genetic Variability of Pleurotus ostreatus Based on the β-Glucans and CDDP Markers

Golian

Chlebová

Žiarovská

et al. 2022

JoF

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Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is still one of the most cultivated edible and medicinal mushrooms. Despite its frequent cultivation around the world, there is currently just a little information available on the variability of strains in terms of the content of β-glucans in them. This work presents an extensive study of 60 strains in terms of the content of α-glucans and β-glucans in their caps and stipes. The authenticity of the production strains based on an analysis of the variability of their genome by CDDP (Conserved DNA-derived polymorphism) markers was confirmed, whereas identical CDDP profiles were identified between samples 45, 89, 95, and 96. Genetic variability of the analyzed production strains showed a high polymorphism and effective discriminative power of the used marking technique. Medium positive correlations were found among the CDDP profiles and β-glucan content in the group of strains that generated the same CDDP profiles, and low negative correlation was found among these profiles in the group of low β-glucan content strains. For the determination of glucans content, Mushroom and Yeast analytical enzymatic kit (Megazyme, Bray, Co. Wicklow, Ireland) were used. The results clearly showed that the stipe contains on average 33% more β-glucans than the cap. The minimum detected β-glucan content in the stipe was in strain no. 72, specifically 22%, and the maximum in strain no. 43, specifically 56%, which after the conversion represents a difference of 155%. From the point of view of β-glucan content, the stated strain no. 43 appears to be very suitable for the commercial production of β-glucans under certain conditions.

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Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Cardiac and Hepatic Tissues of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum) Fed the Β-Glucan-Supplemented Diet

Tkaczenko,

Kurhaluk,

Grudniewska

2023

STBIAS

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Treatment with β-glucans has been found to stimulate various aspects of immune responses such as resistance to infections and resistance to environmental stress. The effects of dietary β-glucans on the general health status of rainbow trout, as well as oxidative stress biomarkers in different tissues specifically should be explored. This prompted us to investigate the effects of dietary yeast β-1,3/1,6-D-glucans supplemented for a 14-day feeding period on liver and heart function and the oxidative mechanisms underlying these effects. We assessed the levels of lipid peroxidation, derivatives of the oxidatively modified proteins (OMP), and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the hepatic and cardiac tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) after a 14-day period of oral supplementation with β-glucans. Thirty healthy rainbow trout weighing 55.9 ± 2.1 g were used in the experiments. The fish were fed with a commercial basal diet at a rate of 1.5% body weight four times a day. After acclimation, the fish were randomly divided into two groups. The groups were fed for 14 days as follows: the control group comprising rainbow trout (n = 15) received a control basal diet and the β-glucan group (n = 15) was fed with the Yestimun® food product at a dose of 1% of the basal feed (with 85% of β-1.3/1.6-glucans, Leiber GmbH, Bramsche, Germany). The basal feed was supplemented with 1% of Yestimun® powder (dose: 1 kg per 99 kg, w/w). This insoluble and highly purified preparation contains natural polysaccharides, e.g. β-1,3/1,6-D-glucans derived from Spent Brewers’ Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Yeast cell walls typically contain approximately 30% of β-glucans of dry weight. Our results showed that feeding with low doses of β-glucans induced a statistically non-significant decrease in TBARS levels in the hepatic and cardiac tissues of rainbow trout. The feeding with low doses of β-glucans induced non-significant changes in the TAC levels both in the hepatic and cardiac tissues of rainbow trout. Levels of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of OMP in the cardiac and hepatic tissues of rainbow trout fed the β-glucan-supplemented diet were at the same levels as in the untreated controls. In conclusion, our results unambiguously showed that β-glucan did not induce oxidative stress in the hepatic and cardiac tissues of rainbow trout.

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Glucan Particles: Choosing the Appropriate Size to Use as a Vaccine Adjuvant

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Novel albendazole-glucan particles for enhancing intestinal absorption and improving hepatic targeting

Novel albendazole-glucan particles for enhancing intestinal absorption and improving hepatic targeting

Analysis of Biochemical and Genetic Variability of Pleurotus ostreatus Based on the β-Glucans and CDDP Markers

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Cardiac and Hepatic Tissues of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum) Fed the Β-Glucan-Supplemented Diet

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