Glucocorticoids coordinate changes in gut microbiome composition in wild North American red squirrels

Petrullo, Lauren; Ren, Tiantian; Wu, Martin; Boonstra, Rudy; Palme, Rüpert; Boutin, Stan; McAdam, Andrew G.; Dantzer, Ben

doi:10.32942/osf.io/c4gjs

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that drugs, such as corticosteroids, tacrolimus, or metformin, can have varying degrees of impact on the host's gut microbiota (Jiang et al, 2018;Pastor-Villaescusa et al, 2021;Petrullo et al, 2022). However, in our project, drug application did not seem to affect the effectiveness of the diagnostic model.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Microbial Community In Umcds Tmcds And Hcscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Characterization and diagnostic value of the gut microbial composition in patients with minimal change disease

et al. 2022

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Background: Minimal change disease (MCD) is one of the most common causes of primary nephrotic syndrome with high morbidity. This study aimed to explore the typical alterations of gut microbiota in MCD and establish a non-invasive classifier using key gut microbiome. We also aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of gut microbiota intervention in MCD through animal experiments.Methods: A total of 222 stool samples were collected from MCD patients and healthy controls at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Shandong Provincial Hospital for 16S rRNA sequencing. Optimum operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained for constructing a diagnostic model. MCD rat models were established using doxorubicin hydrochloride for exploring the therapeutic efficiency of gut microbial intervention through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).Results: The α-diversity of gut microbiota decreased in MCD patients when compared with healthy controls. The relative abundance of bacterial species also changed significantly. We constructed a diagnostic model based on eight optimal OTUs and it achieved efficiency of 97.81% in discovery cohort. The high efficiency of diagnostic model was also validated in the patients with different disease states and cross-regional cohorts. The treatment partially recovered the gut microbial dysbiosis in patients with MCD. In animal experiments, likewise, the gut microbiota changed sharply in MCD rats. However, gut microbial interventions did not reduce urinary protein or pathological kidney damage.Conclusion: Gut Microbiota shifts sharply in both patients and rats with MCD. Typical microbial changes can be used as biomarkers for MCD diagnosis. The gut microbiota compositions in patients with MCD tended to normalize after treatment. However, the intervention of gut microbiota seems to have no therapeutic effect on MCD.

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Section: Comparison Of the Microbial Community In Umcds Tmcds And Hcscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Characterization and diagnostic value of the gut microbial composition in patients with minimal change disease

et al. 2022

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“…While we did not find a direct effect of diet treatment on complement activity or corticosterone concentrations, the gut microbiome is capable of both influencing and responding to these physiological endpoints (Williams et al 2020), which can occur independently of changes in diet, or possibly be indirectly influenced by diet through another metric that was not measured in the present study. For example, higher glucocorticoid levels are associated with lower bacterial diversity in squirrels (Petrullo et al 2022) and gulls (Noguera et al 2018). Complement activity has also been linked to changes in gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?

Love,

Tabb,

Youssef

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Macronutrients, such as proteins and fats, play a vital role in host immunity and can influence host-pathogen dynamics, potentially through dietary effects on gut microbiota. To increase our understanding of how feeding behavior and macronutrient selection are influenced by a direct and perceived immune threat and whether shifts in macronutrient intake affect the composition of the gut microbiome, we conducted two experiments. First, we determined if zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) exhibit shifts in physiology and gut microbiota when fed diets differing in macronutrient ratios. Second, we simulated an infection in birds using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and quantified feeding behavior in immune challenged and control individuals, as well as birds housed near either a control pair (no immune threat), or birds housed near a pair given an immune challenge with LPS (social cue of heightened infection risk). We also examined whether social cues of infection alter physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat, an effect that could be mediated through shifts in feeding behavior. In the first experiment, protein diets decreased the abundance of the bacterial Phylum Campylobacterota. Further, diet treatment disrupted relationships between gut microbiota alpha diversity and physiological metrics. In the second experiment, LPS induced a reduction in caloric intake driven by a decrease in protein, but not fat consumption. No evidence was found for socially induced shifts in feeding behavior, physiology, or gut microbiota. However, fat consumption decreased gut microbial diversity regardless of treatment. Our findings carry implications for host health, as sickness-induced anorexia and diet-induced shifts in the microbiome could shape host-pathogen interactions.

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“…members of this genus can be opportunistic pathogens (Henriques-Normark and Normark, 2010), producing pro-inflammatory cytokines (van den Bogert et al, 2014), and thus increased Streptococcus abundance in less sociable animals may be related to poorer social integration, greater social stress, and poorer health. In fact, elevated glucocorticoids (indicating a heightened stress response) were recently found to be associated with an increased abundance of members of the family Streptococcaceae in wild North American red squirrels (Petrullo et al, 2022). There is also evidence that this genus is more prevalent in humans suffering from depression .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal social behaviour and gut microbiome

2023

Frontiers Research Topics

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Glucocorticoids coordinate changes in gut microbiome composition in wild North American red squirrels

Cited by 5 publications

References 92 publications

Characterization and diagnostic value of the gut microbial composition in patients with minimal change disease

Characterization and diagnostic value of the gut microbial composition in patients with minimal change disease

Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?

Animal social behaviour and gut microbiome

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