Gluconic acid aqueous solution: A bio-compatible media for one-pot multicomponent synthesis of dihydropyrano [2,3-c] Pyrazoles

Abstract

A new facile, green and efficient protocol was developed for synthesis of Dihydropyrano [2,3-c] pyrazoles using gluconic acid aqueous solution (GAAS), as catalyst and solvent under environmentally friendly conditions. The advantageous features of this methodology are the environmentally benign character, operational simplicity, high yield processing (91-96%), easy handling; reaction medium can be recycled and reused several times without significant loss of its efficiency. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and also analyzed for ADME properties. The structure of compounds has been confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectrometry and elemental analysis.

Gluconic acid aqueous solution: A bio-based catalytic medium for organic synthesis

“…GAAS was found to be an excellent medium for the four-component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine, malononitrile, and benzaldehyde (Scheme 36) (Diwan et al, 2019). Outperforming classical organic solvents, GAAS was also significantly more efficient in this reaction than low-melting mixtures of dimethylurea with fructose, citric, or tartaric acids.…”